基于ATC药品分类的农村医疗卫生机构抗生素处方分析  

Analysis on the Antibiotic Prescriptions in Rural Medical Institutions Based on Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Drug Classification

作　　者：孙强[1] 赵凌波[1] 李成[1] Malin Grape 

机构地区：[1]山东大学卫生管理与政策研究中心卫生部卫生经济与政策研究重点实验室,济南250012 [2]瑞典传染病控制中心斯德哥尔摩17182

出　　处：《中国卫生经济》2013年第12期43-45,共3页Chinese Health Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71073098)

摘　　要：目的:分析农村三级医疗机构的抗生素门诊处方,为今后规制医务人员的抗生素处方行为提供干预重点和建议。方法:采用分层抽样法在山东省3个县的县、乡、村三级医疗机构抽取门诊处方共8 400份,用ATC(anatomical therapeutic chemical)药品分类方法对抗生素药品进行分类,分析县、乡和村三级医疗机构的抗生素处方情况。结果:门诊处方中抗生素使用率为35.52%,联合用药率为18.36%,注射型抗生素使用率为35.40%,村卫生室在这三个方面的比率均要高于县、乡两级;处方中使用最多的为大环内酯类抗生素,占21.42%;抗生素给药方式中注射方式占43.43%。结论:农村医疗机构存在抗生素不合理使用现象,村卫生室尤为突出,要加强对基层医生抗生素合理用药相关知识的培训,严格限制和禁止无指征用药,规范医务人员处方行为。Objective： To analyze the antibiotic prescriptions of 3-level rural medical institutions and provide intervention points and suggestions in regulating the antibiotic prescribing behavior of physicians. Methods： 8400 outpatient prescriptions were collected by randomly sampling in three-level rural medical institutions in Shandong. Through using anatomical therapeutic chemical/（ATC ） drug classification system to classify the antibiotic drugs, and analyze the utilization of antibiotics in three-level （county, township and village） medical institutions. Results： Prescription rate of antibiotics was 35.52% and the combination utilization rate was 18.36% and injection antibiotic usage rate was 35.40%. The village clinics had a higher utilization rate than county hospitals and township health centers. The maximum utilized type of prescription was macrolide antibiotics（21.42%）. In antibiotic administration methods, the injection method was the most used（43.43%）. Conclnsion： The irrational use of antibiotics exists in rural health care institutions, especially in village clinics. The trainings of antibiotic knowledge should be strenthened among primary care physicians frequently. The antibiotics without medicinal indications need to be strictly limited and prohibited, the antibiotic prescriptions of physicians need to be regulated.

关 键 词：农村 基层医疗机构 抗生素 合理使用 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]