8周有氧运动对单纯性肥胖患者运动后收缩压恢复、体成分和运动能力的影响  

Effects of 8-week Endurance Exercise on Post-exercise Systolic Blood Pressure Recovery,Body Composition and Exercise Capacity of Obese Patients

作　　者：常颖[1] 陈磊[2] 朱荣[3] 

机构地区：[1]温州大学体育学院,浙江温州325035 [2]郑州大学体育学院,河南郑州450044 [3]温州医科大学体育科学学院,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《体育科学》2013年第12期65-70,共6页China Sport Science

基　　金：浙江省教育厅科研计划项目(Y201017123)

摘　　要：目的:观察8周有氧运动干预对单纯性肥胖患者运动后收缩压恢复(PESBPR)、体成分以及运动能力的影响,并探讨PESBPR与体成分、运动能力的关系。方法:63名肥胖患者随机分为运动组(n=35)和对照组(n=28),运动组进行为期8周的有氧运动,对照组保持日常生活习惯。实验前、后双能X-线吸收仪(dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry,DXA)测定体成分,包括脂肪重量(fat mass,FM)、去脂体重(fat-free mass,FFM)和体脂百分比(percentage of body fat,BF%);利用症状限制性递增负荷运动实验测试PESBPR和运动能力,PESBPR定义为运动实验后第3min的收缩压与运动后第1min收缩压的比值(即第3min收缩压恢复比,rSBPR),运动能力包括最大耗氧量(VO2max)、最大功率(MP)和力竭时间(ET)。结果:偏相关分析显示,rSBPR与BF%正相关(r=0.412,P<0.01),与VO2max、MP和ET均呈负相关(分别为r=-0.475,P<0.01;r=-0.366,P<0.01;r=-0.308,P<0.01)。8周实验后,运动组体重(P<0.05)、BMI(P<0.05)、FM(P<0.01)、BF%(P<0.01)、安静SBP(P<0.05)、SBPmax(P<0.01)、rSBPR(P<0.05)和PESBPR延迟发生率(P<0.01)降低,VO2max(P<0.05)、最大功率(P<0.05)和力竭时间(P<0.01)升高;对照组各指标均无显著性变化(均为P>0.05)。运动组实验前、后rSBPR变化与BF%变化呈正相关(r=0.315,P<0.01),与VO2max的变化呈负相关(r=-0.338,P<0.01)。结论:1)rSBPR与BF%正相关,与运动能力负相关,rSBPR可能是肥胖患者可调控的心血管危险因素;2)8周有氧运动可显著改善肥胖患者体成分,提高有氧运动能力,下调rSBPR及PESBPR延迟发生率。Methods：Sixty-three obese patients were randomly divided into exercise group （n= 35） and control group（n= 28） to observe the effects of 8-week aerobic exercise on post-exercise systolic blood pressure recovery （ PESBPR）, body composition and exercise capacity in obese patients and to explore the relationship between PESBPR and body composition, exercise capacity. Subjects in exercise group performed 8-week aerobic exercise prescription and those in control group maintained there routine daily life. Before and after experiment, body composition including fat mass （FM）, fat-free mass （FFM） and percentage of body fat （BF%） were conducted by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA）, while PESBPR defined as the ratio of the third minute PESBPR to 1minute PESBPR （the third minute systolic blood pressure recovery ratio, rSBPR） and exercise capacity including maximal oxygen uptake （VO2 max）, maximum power （MP） and exhaust time （ET） were determined by symptom-limited exercise test. Results： Partial correlation analysis revealed that rSBPR positively correlated with BF% （r = 0. 412,P〈0.01） and negtively correlated with VO2 max （r=-0. 475 ,P〈0.01）, MP （r=0. 366,P〈0.01） and ET （r=-0. 308,P〈0. 01）. After test of 8-week intervention, body weight （P〈0.05） ,BMI （P〈0.05） ,FM （P〈0.01） ,BF% （P〈0.01） ,rest SBP （P 〈0. 05）, SBPmax （P〈0.01）, rSBPR （P〈0.05） and incidence of delayed PESBPR reduced and VO2max （P〈0.05） ,MP （P〈0.05） and ET （P〈0.01） significantly increased in exercise group compared with pre-test, but all the indexes in control group showed no significantly different （all P〈0. 05）. Especially in exercise group, there existed positive correlation of change in rSBPR and change in BF % while negtive correlation of change in rSBPR and change in VO2 max. Conclusion： 1）Positive correlation existed between rSBPR and BF % while negative correlation between rSBPR and exercise capacity, suggesting

关 键 词：有氧运动 肥胖 运动后收缩压恢复 第3分钟收缩压恢复比 运动能力 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]