超声检查在婴幼儿发育性髋关节异常诊断中的应用价值  

Value of Ultrasonography in Diagnosis of Developmental Hip Dysplasia in Infants and Young Children

作　　者：俞波[1] 侯艳青[1] 严济泳[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省儿童医院超声室,南昌330006

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（医学版）》2013年第9期9-11,F0003,共4页Journal of Nanchang University：Medical Sciences

基　　金：江西省科技厅科技成果推广计划(2007012)

摘　　要：目的评估超声检查在诊断婴幼儿发育性髋关节异常(DDH)中的应用价值。方法按Graf方法对100个正常婴儿髋关节及100个临床疑似DDH患儿进行扫查,观察髋臼窝骨性结构外形、髋臼骨性缘、髋臼软骨纤维盂唇的形态,测量髋关节α角、β角和股骨头骨性髋臼覆盖率(MR)。结果超声可以清晰地显示髋关节的股骨头软骨、髋臼软骨、关节囊和关节盂唇等解剖结构。200个髋关节中髋正常(n=164)者α角、β角和MR分别为(62.3±3.8)°、(45.7±5.9)°和(61.2±5.1)%;髋异常(n=36)者α角、β角和MR分别为(49.5±6.3)°、(55.3±9.1)°和(41.6±9.5)%,两者比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论超声测量髋关节α角、β角及股骨头MR可为婴幼儿DDH的早期诊断提供依据,具有安全、简便、实用等优点,可作为一种临床诊断的辅助手段。Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip （DDH） in infants and young children. Methods According to Graf method, 100 normal infant hips and 100 clinically suspected cases of DDH were scanned to observe osseous structure of acetabular fossa,osseous margin and acetabular cartilage fiber glenoid labrum shape and to measure hip α angle,β angle and percentage cover of femoral head （MR）. Results The ultrasound clearly showed femoral head cartilage, acetabular cartilage,joint capsule, glenoid labrum and other anatomical structures. Of the 200 hips, 164 were normal. The α angle,β angle and MR were （62.3±3.8）%, （45.7±5.9）%and （61.2±5.1）%, respectively. DDH was found in 36 hips. The α angle , β angle and MR were （49.5±6.3）%, （55.3±9.1）% and （41.6±9.5）%,respectively. The difference was statistically significant （P （0. 05）. Conclusion The ultrasonic measurement of hip α angle,β angle and MR is safe, convenient and practical and provides the basis for the early diagnosis of infantile DDH. Therefore, ultrasonography can be used as an auxiliary diagnostic method for DDH.

关 键 词：发育性髋关节异常 超声 早期诊断 婴幼儿 

分 类 号：R726.8[医药卫生—儿科] R445.1[医药卫生—临床医学]