吉林省成年人一般心理健康状况及其相关影响因素的调查分析  

Investigation on general mental health status and its influencing factors among adults in Jilin province

作　　者：徐子淇[1] 王崇[1] 刘日辉[1] 周婕[1] 付颖利[1] 金丽娜[1] 付尧[2] 寇长贵[1] 于雅琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（医学版）》2013年第6期1282-1287,共6页Journal of Jilin University：Medicine Edition

基　　金：吉林省卫生厅科研基金资助课题(2011Z116)

摘　　要：目的:了解吉林省成年人一般心理健康状况及其分布特征,并探讨其相关影响因素。方法:采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,于2012年7—8月对吉林省成年居民采用一般健康问卷12项(GHQ-12)进行调查,并利用Logistic回归分析方法探讨其相关的影响因素。结果:经复杂加权后,吉林省成人GHQ-12平均得分为(2.27±2.11)分,GHQ-12阳性检出率为23.8%;女性GHQ-12阳性检出率(27.9%)高于男性(20.0%),农村居民GHQ-12阳性检出率(25.9%)高于城镇(22.2%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析,影响心理健康状况的危险因素有女性、婚姻状态为未婚、离异或丧偶、职业为农民、在校学生或未就业人员、平均每天睡眠时间小于7h和近1年患有慢性病;年龄大于35岁、文化程度为初中和大学及以上、家庭人均月收入500元以上、饮食规律和锻炼身体是心理健康状况的保护因素。结论:吉林省成年居民一般心理健康状况的GHQ-12阳性检出率高于国内大部分省份的相关调查结果,应重点关注女性、农民、在校学生、未就业者、文化水平偏低者、未婚、离婚和丧偶者、家庭收入偏低者及饮食、睡眠或患有慢性病者的心理健康状况。Objective To describe the general mental health status and its distribution characteristics among the adults in Jilin province, and to investigate the influencing factors of mental health. Methods In July to August of 2012, the adults in Jilin province were surveyed with 12-item general health questionnaire （GHQ-12） by the method of multi-stage and stratified random cluster sampling; the influencing factors of mental health status were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. Results After being weighted, the average score of GHQ-12 was 2.27±2. 11 and the positive rate of GHQ-12 was 23.8% among the adults in Jilin province. The GHQ-12 positive rate of the female was higher than that of the male （27.9% vs 20.0 %, P〈0. 001）. The adults in rural area had a higher GHQ-12 positive rate compared with the adults in urban areas （25.9% vs 22.2%, P〈0. 001）. The Logistic regression analysis results showed that the risk factors of mental health were female, marriage situation as unmarried,divorced and widowed, occupation as farmers, students and unemployment, the average daily sleep time less than 7 h, and having chronic diseases within one year; and the age over 35 years old, education as junior middle school, undergraduate and above, average income per family over 500 yuan monthly, regular dietary, and physical exercises were the protective factors of mental health. Conclusion The GHQ-12 positive rate of general mental health among the adults in Jilin province is higher than those in most of the provinces in China. Besides, the mental health status of populations of female, farmers, students, unoccupied people, lower education, unmarried or poor marriage people, lower income, and bad conditions in the dietary, sleep and body should be paid more attention to.

关 键 词：心理健康 一般健康问卷 影响因素 现况调查 

分 类 号：R195.1[医药卫生—卫生统计学]