地膜覆盖栽培对花生生殖生长及产量的影响  

Effects of Plastic Film Mulching Cultivation on Reproductive Growth and Yield of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea Linn.)

作　　者：杨富军[1] 高华援[1] 赵叶明[1] 朱统国[1] 王绍伦[1] 周玉萍[1] 刘海龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院花生研究所,吉林公主岭136100

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2013年第26期10643-10645,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家花生产业技术体系项目(CARS-14);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20090222)

摘　　要：[目的]在田间试验条件下,研究花生地膜覆盖栽培对两个播期下花生(Arachis hypogaea Linn.)生殖生长和产量的影响。[方法]以花育22花生品种为材料,设置4个处理,处理Ⅰ:地膜覆盖栽培,5月13日播种;处理Ⅱ:露地栽培,5月13日播种;处理Ⅲ:地膜覆盖,5月20日播种;处理Ⅳ:露地栽培,5月20日播种。[结果]与传统露地栽培方式相比,采用地膜覆盖栽培技术可提前7 d播种,显著提高出苗率;增加有效开花数、有效果针数;促进荚果发育,显著增加单株结果数和荚果产量。地膜覆盖栽培适当提前播期,较正常播期露地栽培增产925.9 kg/hm2,较正常播期地膜覆盖栽培增产209.1 kg/hm2。[结论]吉林省花生采取地膜覆盖栽培,适期播种,能有效解决气温低影响花生生长的问题,取得较好的增产效果,是一项重要的增产栽培技术措施。[Objective] The aim was to study the effects of plastic film mulching cultivation on reproductive growth and yield of peanut of two sowing dates in field.[Method] Peanut cultivar was huayu22.Four treatments was as follows：treatment Ⅰ,plastic film mulching cultivation,sowing date May 13 ; treatment Ⅱ,open field cultivation,sowing date May 13; treatment Ⅲ,plastic film mulching cultivation,sowing date May 20 ;treatment Ⅳ,open field cultivation,sowing date May 20.[Result] Comparing with conventional cultivation,the plastic mulching cultivation technology could sow ahead of 7 days,significantly improved the germination rate,increased the number of effective flowering and effective fruit pin,promoted the pods development of peanut,increased the Single fruit weight and pod yield.Comparing with the open field cultivation（the normal sowing date）,suitably sowing in advance,the plastic mulching cultivation technology increased pod yield 925.9 kilogram per hectare,and increased pod yield 209.1 kilogram per hectare comparing with the plastic film mulching cultivation（the normal sowing date）.[Conclusion] In Jilin Province,that taking plastic mulching and sowing at suitable time can effectively solve the problem of that low temperature affects the growth of peanuts,obtain the yield increment.So it is an important cultivation technical measure to increase production.

关 键 词：地膜覆盖栽培 花生 生殖生长 产量 

分 类 号：S626.2[农业科学—园艺学]