栽培模式对旱地嫁接西瓜生长、产量和品质的影响  

Effects of cultivation practices on growth, yield and quality of dryland grafted watermelon

作　　者：白玉龙[1,2] 马忠明[1,2] 薛亮[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2013年第6期39-43,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-26-20)

摘　　要：为探索黄土高原地区嫁接西瓜的优质高效栽培模式,设计了全覆膜垄上播种(RM)、全覆膜垄上开沟播种(GM)、全覆膜垄沟播种(TG)、半覆膜垄上开沟播种(GH)、半覆膜垄上播种沟覆草(RS)和半覆膜垄上播种(RH,对照)6种栽培模式,分析了不同栽培模式对西瓜生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,西瓜蔓长、叶绿素含量以处理GM最优,各生育期均显著高于处理RH,较其它处理也有一定优势;光合速率、蒸腾速率、叶片水分利用率以处理RM、GM最高,均显著高于对照RH;西瓜产量以处理GM最高,较对照RH增加14.48%;可溶性固形物含量GM显著高于处理RM,与其它处理差异不显著。硝酸盐含量处理RS和对照RH显著低于其它处理。酸度指标各处理间差异不显著。处理GM在生长和产量指标上均明显优于对照RH及处理GH和TG,与处理RM和RS相比也有一定优势。全覆膜垄上开沟播种是适宜黄土高原旱地农业区嫁接西瓜生产的栽培模式。In order to improve the quality and production efficiency of grafted watermelon in loess plateau region, six treatments including covered ridge sowing （RM）,covered ridge-ditching sowing （GM）,covered ditch sowing （TG）, half-covered ridge sowing （RH）,half-covered ridge-ditching sowing（GH）,half-covered and ditch grass covered ridge cowing（RS）was conducted .And the parameters of watermelon growth,yield and quality were measured .The results showed that the GM vines length and chlorophyll content were significantly higher than the control treatment RH .Photo-synthetic rate,transpiration rate,leaf water use efficiency were highest for the RM treatment,whereas the differences be-tween GM and RM wasnot significant .In addition,GM and RM performed better than RH .Yield of GM was 14 .48%higher than that of RH .Soluble solids content of GM is significantly higher than RM,while no significant difference ex-isted for other treatment .Nitrate content of RS and RH was significantly lower than the other treatments .Acidity indica-tors showed no marked difference among treatments .Our findings suggest that covered ridge-ditching sowing is the alter-native approach to grafted watermelon production in the dry areas of loess plateau .

关 键 词：西瓜 嫁接 栽培模式 光合速率 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学] S604.7[农业科学—园艺学]