模拟栽培条件的改变对稻田主要温室气体排放的影响  

Simulation of greenhouse gas emissions as affected by cultivation practices in rice fields

作　　者：孙园园[1,2] 孙永健[3,4] 杨志远[3,4] 徐徽[3,4] 马均[3,4] 李首成[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局成都高原气象研究所,四川成都610072 [2]四川农业大学农学院,四川温江611130 [3]农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,四川温江611130 [4]四川农业大学水稻研究所,四川温江611130

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2013年第6期181-189,共9页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B05;2012BAD04B13;2013BAD07B13);美国国家科学基金(NSF)项目(DEB20075617);中国气象局西南区域气象中心区域重大项目(2010-7);农业部作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室开放课题;四川省教育厅资助科研项目(10ZA047);四川省育种攻关专项(2011NZ0098-15)

摘　　要：利用IKONOS高分辨率(1 m)卫星遥感图,运用典型抽样和地形※土地利用※土地覆盖※综合信息提取的方法,选定了川中丘陵区代表区域,通过对研究区域农业生产情况、土样、水样和气象资料的调查和分析,利用DNDC模型模拟农户作物生产条件下稻田CO2、CH4和N2O排放情况,在此基础上,通过改变目前的研究区域冬水田(PF)(PF占研究区域面积的58.07%)生产条件中的某一影响因子,进一步研究这一因子的改变对CO2、CH4和N2O排放的影响及全球增温潜势(GWP)变化情况。结果表明:氮肥种类和数量、有机肥种类和动物粪尿投入数量、晒田和不晒田、耕地深度、年平均气温变化、降雨量变化、土壤pH值变化、土壤有机质含量变化、土壤质地变化均对稻田温室气体排放有较为显著的影响。冬水田(PF)、水稻-油菜田(RR)和水稻-小麦田(RW)全年排放CO2、CH4和N2O的综合GWP:RW>RR>PF。Using the high resolution（1 m）IKONOS satellite and employing typical sampling and terrain→land use→land cover→comprehensive information extraction method,representative of the middle Jintang hilly area feature were selected .Detailed farmer investigations were carried out,including crop diversity,tillage,fertilizer,manure type,irri-gationsoil pH,meteorological data.Emissions of CO2,N2O and CH4 emissions of rice fields with farmers crop production conditions simulated using DNDC model .In-depth analysis of factors contributing to emissions of CO2,N2O,CH4,and global warming potential （GWP）was performed by changing a factor of production conditions of the winter water paddy rice field （winter paddy field area accounts for 58 .07%of the area of research）in the target area .The results show that nitrogen fertilizer,organic fertilizer number and variety types,animal dung urine into quantity,middle-stage drainage, depth of cultivated fields,average temperature,rainfall,soil pH,content of soil organic matter,soil texture have signifi-cant influence on greenhouse gas emissions in paddy field .GWP of CO2,CH4,and N2O emissions of one year from three kinds of paddy field-permanently flooded paddy fields （PF）,rapeseed-paddy rice fields （RR）and winter wheat-paddy rice fields （RW）were in the order of RW〉RR〉PF .

关 键 词：稻田 温室气体排放 栽培条件 DNDC模型 全球增温潜势 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] X503.231[环境科学与工程—环境工程]