玉米施水播种增加灌水下渗的松土方法和试验  

New approach for increasing irrigation water penetration into soil during water added corn seeding

作　　者：杨有刚[1] 冯涛[1] 张炜[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2013年第6期243-247,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：陕西省省级果业专项资金项目(K332021313)

摘　　要：研究了下插式土壤松耕方法，分析了其工作原理、理想的刀具结构和合适的松土距离为50～70 mm，并用这种方法松土后进行了施水试验。结果表明：灌水入渗深度比未耕地或旋耕地对应值平均增加20 mm以上，且土壤湿润区整体下移约13 mm，灌水水平方向和垂直方向入渗深度的比值由1．3降低到0．8，而且，土壤紧实度和含水率均满足玉米施水播种的需要。这种方法有效增加了玉米施水播种灌溉水的下渗深度，减少了水分蒸发。Based on knowledge of mechanical theory and structure of soiling tools, the authors calculated optimal subsoiling condition （distance of successive cutting points from 50 and 70 mm） and tested the hypothesis by irrigation model using the novel horizontal-type subsoiling technique. The results showed that the depth of water penetration in- creased at least 20 mm more than untilled soil or ploughed soil by rotary tillage. In addition, the top of the wetted soil was 13 mm away from the surface of soil and the ratio of horizontal infiltration distance to vertical infiltration depth of irri- gation water decreased from 1.3 to 0.8. By the virtue of this current technique, the density and water percentage of soil meet the requirement of seeding corn by water. In conclusion, the present technique increased the depth of water pene- tration and reduced water evaporation effectively during water added corn seeding.

关 键 词：施水播种 水分蒸发 土壤松耕 灌水入渗深度 节水 

分 类 号：S222[农业科学—农业机械化工程]