旱地小麦全膜覆土播种一体机的研制  

Design and manufacture of an integrated machine to spread membrane covering soil and seeding for dry land wheat

作　　者：唐学鹏[1] 赵武云[1] 戴飞[1] 杨正[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学工学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2013年第6期248-251,262,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"粮食作物农机农艺关键技术集成研究与示范"(2013BAD08B01);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"西北绿洲农牧循环技术集成与示范"(2012BAD14B10)

摘　　要：旱地小麦全膜覆土播种一体机是针对全膜覆土穴播技术而研制的,该机可一次性完成旋耕、镇压、铺膜、覆土、播种等工序。该机采取旋耕抛土与铲土板相配合的取土方式,保证了充足的土壤来源,设计了输送带链传动的输土装置、外槽轮式覆土装置,实现了膜上均匀覆土和覆土厚度的控制。设计了仿形机构,实现了穴播装置的地面仿形,并对仿形机构进行动力学仿真,分析了仿形机构的仿形效果。通过样机田间试验测定,覆土厚度的平均值为1.074 cm,覆土宽度的平均值为121.283 cm符合农艺要求,覆土的厚度、宽度的变异系数分别为23.37%和0.96%,符合设计要求。通过实验测定,旋耕镇压后的土壤容重和土壤孔隙度符合农艺要求。The integrated machine by all membrane covering soil and seeding for dry land wheat was designed and manufactured to the all membrane covering soil and dibbling technology .The procedures of rotary tillage,repression, spread membrane,cover soil,seeding and so on can be completed by this machine at the same time .The taking soil mode as rotary tillage cast soil to match the shovel board was adopted by this machine to ensure the sufficient source of soil .Designed out the devices of conveyor chain to convey soil and outside wheel to turn,realized the control for uniform covering soil on membrane and the covering soil thickness .The profiling mechanism is designed to realize the ground sur-face implementation of dibbling device,and the dynamic simulation was carried out for the profiling mechanism,analyzed the effects of the profiling mechanism .Through the prototype measurement in the field experiment,covering with a mean of 1 .074 cm,the thickness of the overlying soil average width of 121 .283 cm can meet the demands of agronomic,the average soil covering thickness was 1 .074cm and the width was 121 .283 cm to comform the requirements of agronomy. The variation coefficients of the thickness and width was 23 .37%and 0 .96%,respectively,comply with the design re-quirements .Through the field experiment and measurement,the soil bulk density and soil porosity was comformed to the requirements of agronomy after rotary tillage and repression .

关 键 词：全膜覆土播种机 旱地小麦 穴播装置 仿形机构 

分 类 号：S223.24[农业科学—农业机械化工程]