吕思勉与唯物史观  

Lv Simian and the Materialist Conception of History

作　　者：张耕华[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史系,上海200241

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2013年第6期25-30,148-149,共6页Journal of East China Normal University（Humanities and Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"吕思勉史学研究"(12BZS003)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：吕思勉对唯物史观的接触约始于20世纪初,至迟到20世纪的20年代,他已经明确表示了对唯物史观的赞同,尤其是唯物史观中从经济上来解释社会历史现象,更为他所赞赏,并在他的论著中加以运用。然而,他与当年唯物史观派的历史学家不同,他虽赞同唯物史观的经济的分析方法,但并不把它视为唯一的因素,不赞同事无巨细地都从经济上来分析原因;更不赞同歪曲史实而套用某种历史发展演进理论来解释中国历史。这是他赞同和运用唯物史观的限度和底线,也以此批评当年"过信唯物史观者"有此弊病。20世纪50年代后,社会和学界的舆情,已不允许在赞同或运用唯物史观时持什么限度或底线了,晚年的吕思勉也不愿再多谈唯物史观。然服膺唯物史观,他终身未变。Lv Simian began to come into contact with the materialist conception of history in the early 20th century and expressed his agreement no later than 1920s. Especially,he advocated and performed the prac- tice of explaining social and historical phenomena in terms of economic elements. However,differing from other materialist historians at that time,he refused to regard economic elements as the only factors and reduce all issues to them,let alone distort historical facts to adapt to a certain doctrine of historical evolution in ex- plaining Chinese history. This bottom line of his advocating and applying the materialist conception of history was also used in his criticism of the 'excessive believers of the materialist conception of history'. Such bot- tom-line has been not permitted in the academic and ideological situations since 1950s. In his old age,Lv sel- dom talked about the materialist conception of history. However,it is the fact that he adhered to the material- ist conception of history in his whole life.

关 键 词：吕思勉 唯物史观 运用上的限度 

分 类 号：K03[历史地理—历史学]