光伏日光温室夏季光环境及其对番茄生长的影响  

Effects of summer light environment on tomato growth in photovoltaic solar greenhouse

作　　者：赵雪[1,2] 邹志荣[2,3] 许红军[3] 赵建涛[2,3] 李俊[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,陕西杨凌712000 [2]西北农林科技大学农业部西北地区设施园艺工程重点实验室,陕西杨凌712000 [3]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712000

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第12期93-99,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD12B03);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203002)

摘　　要：【目的】探索光伏发电系统在设施农业领域中的实际应用情况与发展潜力。【方法】在陕西安塞典型晴天和阴天条件下，对比分析普通日光温室和光伏日光温室的太阳总辐射透过率和光合有效光量子流密度透过率，同时还对2种日光温室中番茄的生长状况、产量以及品质进行了对比分析。【结果】在非晶硅电池组件和PC板按1∶1数量比布局条件下，晴天光伏日光温室正午前后2 h内的太阳总辐射（波长范围为0.3～3 μm）透过率为38.7%，光合有效光量子流密度（波长范围为400～700 nm）透过率为38.9%，分别较塑料薄膜日光温室低30.3%和17.6%；而阴天时光伏日光温室的太阳总辐射透过率为34.6%，光合有效光量子流密度透过率为31.1%，分别较塑料薄膜日光温室低15.8%和9.4%；在此时段内，晴天、阴天光伏日光温室分别较塑料薄膜日光温室阻挡了3 949.7和342.1 kJ/m2的热量进入温室内部。2种温室内，番茄株高在开花期（定植后23～44 d）差异显著，表现为光伏日光温室〉塑料薄膜日光温室；茎粗反之，且只在开花初期（定植后23～29 d）差异显著；番茄果实产量与品质无显著性差异。【结论】 光伏日光温室内非晶硅电池组件有助于夏季降温，同时其室内光环境可满足番茄的生长。【Objective】This study aimed to explore the practical application and development potential of photovoltaic power generation system.【Method】Total solar radiation transmittance and PPFD passing rate in both normal solar greenhouse and photovoltaic solar greenhouse at typical sunny days and cloudy day were analyzed in Ansai （Shaanxi,China）,and crop growth,yield and quality in the two kinds of the solar greenhouses were compared.【Result】With the ratio of amorphous silicon cell component to PC board of 1∶1,the transmittance of total radiation （measured by the total solar radiation sensor with wavelength of 0.3-3 μm） and photosynthetic photon flux density （measured by photosynthetic photon flux density sensor with wavelength of 400-700 nm） were 38.7% and 38.9% from 2 hour before noon to 2 hour after noon on sunny days,and they were 30.3% and 17.6% less than those of solar greenhouse with plastic film.In cloudy days,the transmittance of total radiation and photosynthetic photon flux density were 34.6% and 31.1%,and they were 15.8% and 9.4% less than those of solar greenhouse with plastic film.The photovoltaic solar greenhouse prevented 3 949.7,342.1 kJ/m2 from getting inside than that of solar greenhouse with plastic film in sunny or cloudy days.Plant heights of tomatoes planted in the two greenhouses had significant differences in early growth period.Plant height in photovoltaic solar greenhouse was larger than that in solar greenhouse with plastic film,while stem diameter was opposite.However,there were no significant differences in fruit output and quality.【Conclusion】The amorphous silicon solar cell components of the photovoltaic solar greenhouse was helpful to cool the greenhouse in summer and met the light requirement of tomato growth.

关 键 词：日光温室 光伏发电系统 光环境 非晶硅电池 

分 类 号：S625.1[农业科学—园艺学] S626.5