Landsat-5 TM影像在冰川面积信息提取中的精度评价  

Accuracy evaluation of glacier area information extracted from Landsat-5 TM remote sensing image

作　　者：刘宇硕[1] 秦翔[1,2] 高思如[3] 张明杰[1,2] 杜文涛[1] 张雪艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室祁连山冰川与生态环境观测研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,冻土工程国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第12期209-219,共11页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41071046;41201067);国家自然科学基金委基础人才培养基金冰川学冻土学特殊学科点项目(J0930003/J0109);冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室自主研究项目(SKLCS-ZZ-2012-01-05)

摘　　要：【目的】评估Landsat-5TM遥感影像在冰川面积提取中的精度。【方法】以位于祁连山北坡的老虎沟12号冰川和宁缠河3号冰川为研究对象,于2009年利用GPS-RTK技术获取高精度冰川边界数据,比较目视解译法、归一化积雪指数(NDSI)法、监督分类法对同时期Landsat-5TM遥感影像解译结果与大地测量法所得结果的差异。【结果】利用遥感影像提取的老虎沟12号冰川和宁缠河3号冰川的面积均小于大地测量法的结果,且各种方法提取冰川面积的精度误差不一。在老虎沟12号冰川和宁缠河3号冰川中,利用目视解译法得出的结果最接近大地测量值,其误差最小,分别为-0.79%和-1.83%;NDSI法误差次之,分别为-1.19%和-3.82%;监督分类法误差最大,分别为-1.79%和-5.99%。【结论】利用Landsat卫星数据监测冰川变化是一种简单而有效的手段;目视解译法提取冰川面积信息效果最好,误差不超过±2%;面积较大冰川的解译精度高于面积较小的冰川。【Objective】This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of glacier area information extracted from Landsat-5 TM remote sensing image.【Method】The Glacier No.12 in Laohugou valley and the glacier No.3 in Ningchan river located in the north slope of Qilian mountain were selected research objectives,and GPS-RTK technology was used to obtain high-precision glacier boundary data in 2009.Interpretation results of Landsat-5 TM remote sensing image at the same period using geodetic method,visual interpretation method,normalized difference snow index （NDSI） method,and supervised classification method were compared.【Result】Areas of the glacier No.12 in Laohugou valley and the glacier No.3 in Ningchan river extracted from Landsat-5 TM remote sensing image were less than ground measurements,and the errors of different methods were different.Visual interpretation method had the minimum errors of -0.79% and -1.83% for extraction of glaciers No.12 and No.3 followed by NDSI with errors of -1.19% and -3.82%,respectively.The supervised classification method had the maximum errors of -1.79% and -5.99%,respectively.【Conclusion】It is simple and effective to monitor glacier change using Landsat-5 TM image.The visual interpretation method is the best extraction method with errors of less than ±2%.The extraction methods performed better on larger glaciers compared to smaller glaciers.

关 键 词：祁连山 老虎沟12号冰川 宁缠河3号冰川 遥感精度评价 冰川面积提取 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]