设置单向塔的输水工程爆管影响分析  

The Influence of Pipe Burst on Water Supply Projects with One-way Surge Tanks

作　　者：胡建永[1] 杨飞[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江水利水电学院水利工程系,杭州310018 [2]华东勘测设计研究院,杭州310014

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2013年第12期122-124,129,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(20100481081);江苏省博士后科研资助计划项目(1101020C);国家自然科学基金项目(51079050)

摘　　要：管道爆管是输水工程的严重事故工况,危及工程的安全运行。以调压室理论为基础,建立了单向塔的水力计算模型;对爆管的物理过程进行了分析,揭示了爆管四个阶段的水流流动特性;从爆管瞬时降压入手,根据水锤波的传播特性,提出了管道爆管时输水系统的安全判据,并结合工程实例进行了分析。研究表明,爆管时输水工程的安全性受爆管点位置、单向塔位置及水位高度、管线的内水压力及允许的真空度等因素的制约,单向塔对爆管的瞬时降压具有一定隔断和削减作用,单向塔应有足够的体积,保证其爆管过渡过程中不漏空。Pipe burst is a serious accident condition which threatens the safe operation of water supply projects. The hydraulic model of the one-way surge tank is established based on the theory of surge tank. The flow characteristics of four stages are revealed by analyzing the pipe burst physical process. The safe criterion of water supply systems under pipe bursts is raised according to the law of instantaneous pressure reduction and water hammer wave spreading. And a project example is analyzed in order to verify the safe standard. Study indicates that pipeline safety under pipe bursts depends on the location of burst points, the location and height of one -way surge tanks, pipeline operation pressure and allowable vacuum. And instantaneous pressure reduction can be separated and restrained partially by one-way surge tanks, but one-way surge tanks should be designed with enough volume in order to ensure the reasonable water depth during the hydraulic transient of pipe bursts.

关 键 词：单向塔 爆管 水锤防护 负压 

分 类 号：TV134.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TV672.2