重金属胁迫对日本对虾(Penaeusjaponicas)胚胎发育的影响  

The Toxic Effects of Heavy Metals on the Embryonic Development of Penaeus japonicus

作　　者：姜会超[1] 刘爱英[1] 宋秀凯[1] 孙国华[1] 刘丽娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋水产研究所山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室,山东烟台264006

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2013年第6期972-980,共9页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：山东省科技发展计划项目(2009GG10009044);烟台市科技发展计划项目(2011457);水生动物营养与饲料“泰山学者”岗位经费资助(2008-2012)

摘　　要：以受精1 h以内的日本对虾受精卵为实验对象,采用静水试验方法,研究了Zn、Hg、Cu、Pb、As、Cd和Cr 7种重金属对日本对虾胚胎发育的影响。结果表明,在实验浓度范围内,7种重金属中Hg、Cu对日本对虾胚胎发育毒性最大,其次是Zn、As、Cd,Pb和Cr无明显影响。Hg、Cu、Cd、As、Zn对日本对虾胚胎LC50值分别为:0.0177 mg·L-1、0.1070 mg·L-1、1.6057 mg·L-1、3.3682 mg·L-1、8.2644 mg·L-1,致死效应最低可观测效用浓度(LOEC)分别为0.0037 mg·L-1、0.0166 mg·L-1、0.1302 mg·L-1、1.1572 mg·L-1、2.1522 mg·L-1;抑制发育LOEC分别为0.0062 mg·L-1、0.0176 mg·L-1、0.4002 mg·L-1、1.9497 mg·L-1、0.0617 mg·L-1。随着Hg、Cu浓度的升高,胚胎孵化率不断下降,无节幼体死亡率不断上升,在Hg0.0256 mg·L-1浓度组中,胚胎48 h死亡率达到100%。以上结果说明,Hg、Cu等重金属的存在会延缓日本对虾胚胎的发育速度,随着重金属浓度的增加,滞育现象愈加明显,在Cu 0.32 mg·L-1浓度组中,未见无节幼体孵出。The toxic effects on the development ofPenaeus japonicus embryos from the static exposure of Zn, Hg, Cu, Pb, As, Cd and Cr were studied in this paper. Hg and Cu were the most toxic to the development of P.japonicus, followed by Zn, As and Cd, while no significant toxic effects were observed from the exposure of Pb or Cr. The LCso of Hg, Cu, Cd, As and Zn to P. japonicus embryos were 0.0177 mg·L^-1, 0.1070mg·L^-1, 1.6057 mg·L^-1,3 3682mg·L^-1, 82644 mg·L^-1, respectively. The LOECs of Hg, Cu, Cd, As and Zn to P. japoni- cus embryos for mortality were 0.0037 mg .L 1,0.0166 mg·L^-1,0.1302mg·L^-1, 1.1572 mg·L^-1, 2.1522 mg·L^-1, respectively; and 0.0062 mg·L^-1, 0.0176 mg·L^-1, 0.4002 mg·L^-1, 1.9497 mg·L^-1, 0.0617 mg·L^-1 for develop- ment inhibition, respectively. The embryos hatching rates decreased and mortality increased with the Hg and Cu concentration increased. The mortality of the embryos was 100% when exposed to 0.0256mg·L^-1 Hg. The results indicated that the development of P.japonicas embryos was inhibited with dose-dependent by the ex- posure of rig and Cu. No nauplius was observed when exposed to 0.32mg·L^-1 Cufor 48 hours.

关 键 词：重金属 日本对虾 胚胎 可观测效用浓度 半致死浓度 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]