抗战前南京国民政府对四川币制的统一——以整理地钞为中心的考察  

The Unification of the Monetary System in Sichuan by the Nanjing National Government before the Anti-Japanese War:A study Centered on Sorting out Dichao

作　　者：石涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,710062

出　　处：《中国经济史研究》2013年第4期114-127,176,共14页Researches in Chinese Economic History

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(12CZS039);教育部人文社科研究一般项目(11XJC770005)阶段性成果

摘　　要：清末民初之后,四川货币制度日趋混乱,经济民生深受其害。为统一币制,刘湘曾于1934年初设立四川地方银行,发行地钞。但不到一年,地钞就因滥发而濒临崩溃。1935年,南京国民政府在实现了对四川的初步控制后,即对四川币制进行了整理和改革。通过收销以地钞为主的杂劣货币,结束了四川币制的长期紊乱局面,实现了币制统一。整理地钞,不仅是国民政府对四川政治经济改革的重要组成部分,也是抗战前国民政府整理地方币制的一次颇为成功的案例,它为四川金融稳定、经济复苏,并成为抗战大后方奠定了基础,也使中央政府与地方政府实现了互利共赢的结果,为其他各省整理币制树立了典范。The monetary system in Sichuan got more and more chaotic after the Late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.In 1935,the National Government of Nanjing reformed the monetary system of Sichuan,soon after it took over this province.It collected shoddy currencies such as Dichao and eliminated them,which put an end to the long-lasting chaos.Sorting out Dichao was an essential part of the reforms placed on Sichuan by the National Government.It was also a successful example for the National Government to reorganize local monetary systems.It stabilized the finance in Sichuan,recovered its economy,and turned it into a solidate base for the anti-Japanese war.It was a double-win game for both the central and local governments and set and example for other provinces.

关 键 词：南京国民政府 四川币制 地钞 统一 

分 类 号：K258[历史地理—历史学] F822.9[历史地理—中国史]