美国公共文化体制的结构  

Structure of Public Cultural System of the United States

作　　者：凌金铸[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学媒体与设计学院,上海200240

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2013年第6期77-85,100,共10页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目<"十二五"时期推进文化体制改革创新研究>(11BKS034);教育部一般项目<我国公共文化服务体系建设政策评估体系研究>(10YJA710032)

摘　　要：美国的公共文化体制是在理念与现实博弈的动态平衡中形成的。一方面,试图把文化艺术完全交给市场,另一方面,市场却又不能完成这项重要使命;一方面,对文化的价值理念要求政府远离文化,另一方面,文化发展的现实需求又离不开政府的作为;一方面,文化艺术需要政府的支持,另一方面,又要防范政府的介入对文化艺术自由表达的阻碍。正是在这些矛盾冲突中,市场、政府和非营利组织的职能边界逐渐清晰起来,形成了文化艺术与市场、政府和非营利组织之间的若干个契合点,从而完成了独特的公共文化体制的构建。The public cultural system of the United States has been formed in the dynamic balanceof the game between idea and reality. On the one hand, it attempts to leave culture and art completely to the market, and on the other hand, the market cannot complete this important mission. On the one hand, the peoples＇ value on culture requires the government to stay away from culture, and on the other hand, the practical needs of the development of culture are dependent on the work of the government. On the one hand, culture and art need government support, and on the other hand, government intervention into the freedom of expression of culture and art should be guarded against. It is just in these conflicts that the functions of the market, the government and the nonprofit organization gradually are clarified, forming the several meeting points between culture, market, government and non-profit organizations, thus completing the construction of a unique public cultural system.

关 键 词：美国 公共文化体制 结构 文化艺术 非营利组织 

分 类 号：G171.2[文化科学]