楚科奇海的水螅水母类及其分布  

THE HYDROMEDUSAE FROM CHUKCHI SEA AND ITS DISTRIBUTION

作　　者：张金标[1] 林茂[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,厦门361005

出　　处：《极地研究》2000年第3期169-182,共14页Chinese Journal of Polar Research

基　　金：北极科学考察资助项目

摘　　要：本文报道 1 999年 7月至 8月我国首次北极科学考察期间“雪龙”号破冰船在楚科奇海采集的浮游水螅水母类及其分布。分析鉴定了 8种水螅水母 ,其中 4种属于花水母目 ,2种属于软水母目 ,1种属于硬水母目 ,1种属于筐水母目。短新塔水母在楚科奇海是首次记录。简要记述了这些种类的形态特征并附图。楚科奇海这 8种水螅水母都是冷水种 ,其中 6种为近岸性的 ,2种是大洋性的。根据其地理分布可分为北极种、北极 -北方种和北方寒温带种等 3个类型 ,从动物地理观点看 ,楚科奇海的水螅水母类应属于北极区系。楚科奇海水螅水母类的丰度一般较低 ,其平均丰度为 1 0 8个 /1 0 0 m3,水平分布状况主要由优势种所左右 ,八斑腕唇水母和指腺华丽水母为优势种。垂直分层采样结果表明 ,指腺华丽水母分布于 0～ 30 0 m,其中以 50～ 1 0 0The present paper is based on materials collected in Chukchi Sea during the period from July to August 1999 on icebreaker the R/V 'Xuelong' by Chinese First Arctic Scientific Expedition. A total 8 species of pelagic Hydromedusae were identified, of which 4 species belonged to Anthomedusae, 2 species to Leptomedusae, 1 species to Trachymedusae and 1 species to Narcomedusae, the Neoturris breviconis is recorded for the first time in Chukchi Sea. Their principal morphological characteristies are described and illustrated. The 8 species of Hydromedusae occurring in the Chukchi Sea all were cool water species, of which 6 species belong in neritic species, 2 species in ocean species. According to the geographic distribution of species, they may be divided into three groups: Arctic species, Arctic boreal species and Boreal temperate species. From the view point of zoogeography, species from these waters belong to the Arctic fauna. The abundance of Hydromedusae in Chukchi Sea was generally low, with a mean value of 108 ind./100m 3. The condition of distribution of individual number was due to distribution of dominant species. The Rathkea octopunctata and Aglantha digitale were dominant species. The vertical distribution of Aglantha digitale was inhabiting the 0-300m and having their quantitative maximum in the 50m to 100m.

关 键 词：北极 楚科奇海 水螅水母类 浮游动物 

分 类 号：Q959.13[生物学—动物学] Q178.53