磷肥用量对河套灌区玉米产量·土壤磷含量的影响  

Effects of Different Phosphorus Application Amounts on Yield of Maize and Soil Phosphorus Content in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：张君[1] 赵沛义[1] 妥德宝[1] 段玉[1] 李焕春[1] 靳存旺 李彬瑞 任永峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农牧业科学院资源环境与检测技术研究所,农业部农牧交错带生态环境重点野外科学观测试验站,内蒙古旱作农业重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [2]内蒙古巴彦淖尔市五原县农业技术推广中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2013年第27期10997-11000,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：内蒙古农牧业科学院青年创新基金"河套灌区玉米氮磷肥投入阈值研究"(2011QNJJN04);国家公益性行业科研专项"东北半湿润平原区面源污染监测与氮磷投入化肥阈值研究"(20100314)

摘　　要：[目的]为了探讨不同磷肥用量对河套灌区玉米产量、土壤有效磷含量的影响。[方法]采用田间试验和室内分析化验相结合的方法,在内蒙古五原县连续2年进行不同磷肥用量试验。[结果]施磷可明显提高玉米产量。随着磷肥用量的增加,磷肥利用率、农学效率、经济效益均呈逐渐下降趋势,土壤中3种磷素形态表现为Olsen-P>CaCl2-P>DTP。随着磷肥施肥量的增加,土壤Olsen-P、CaCl2-P、DTP呈二次型曲线增加趋势。[结论]河套灌区种植玉米经济施磷量为150 kg/hm2,生产100 kg籽实吸磷量平均在0.77 kg左右,随着施磷量的增加,土壤磷残留逐渐增加。[ Objective ] The research aimed to study the effects of different phosphorus application amounts on the yield of maize and soil phos- phorus content in Hetao irrigation district of Inner Mongolia. [ Method] By using field experiments and indoor chemical analysis and biological statistics, two year＇s experiments of different phosphorus application amounts were conducted in Wuyuan County. [ Result] Phosphorus applica- tion significantly increased maize yield. Phosphorus use efficiency, agronomic efficiency and economic benefits showed a gradual decrease with the increase of phosphorus fertilizer. Three kinds of phosphorus forms in soil showed Olsen - P 〉 CaC12 - P 〉 DTP, which showed quadratic curve upward trend with the increase of phosphorus fertilizer. [ Conclusion] The economic P205 application amount was 150 kg/hm2 in Hetao irrigation district, producing 100 kg grains absorbed about 0. 77 kg phosphorus. Residual phosphorus in soil increased with increase of phosphorus fertilizer.

关 键 词：玉米 磷肥 产量 土壤磷 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]