闭合性腹部创伤实脏器破裂早期诊断方法  

The diagnosis methods for blunt abdominal trauma with solid visceral rupture in the early stage

作　　者：贺红艳[1] 钱远宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院急诊科,北京100853

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2014年第1期24-25,28,共3页China Medical Herald

基　　金：解放军全军医药卫生科研基金项目(编号CWS11J104)

摘　　要：钝性腹部创伤往往合并腹腔脏器损伤,特别是合并肝脏、脾脏损伤甚至破裂。以往由于条件和技术的局限,对腹部钝性创伤导致的实脏器破裂的早期诊断,多依赖于常规查体,随着医学影像学技术的快速发展,常规超声、超声造影、CT扫描、MRI、核素扫描等相继出现,为腹部钝性创伤实脏器破裂的早期诊断提供临床依据。腹部钝性创伤早期诊断的关键点可归纳为快和准两方面,即快速判断患者是否合并危及生命的实脏器损伤、有无活动性出血、出血部位、是否需要急诊手术等,以上几种检查方法各具特点,但目前超声造影、CT扫描可能更具准确、快捷和可行性等特点,临床上应根据患者条件进行选择。Blunt abdominal trauma often accompany with bdominal viscera damage, especially theliver or spleen trau- ma and rupture. The diagnosis of the trauma and rupture of these organs depends on the physical examination in the early stage because of the conditions and technical limitations.With the development of medical imaging technologies such as ultrasound, contrast enhanced ultrasound, CT scanning, MRI and so on provide clinical basis for the early di- agnosis of blunt abdominal trauma solid viscera ruptur. The key points of the diagnosis of abdominal trauma lie on fast and accurate two aspects, they are means to quickly determine whether patients combined with life-threatening solid visceral injury, active bleeding, bleeding part, whether need emergency surgery, etc. All these technologies have their own characteristics, nowadays, contrast-enhanced ultrasound and CT scanning may be more accurate, fast and feasibil- ity, and should be chosen according to the patient＇s condition.

关 键 词：钝性腹部创伤 诊断 超声 超声造影 CT 

分 类 号：R656[医药卫生—外科学]