孤独症儿童信念理解能力发展特点  

Belief Understanding of Autistic Children in China

作　　者：黄秋平[1] 周世杰[1] 张倩倩[1] 莫新竹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院医学心理研究所,长沙410011

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2013年第6期928-931,883,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"十二五"规划2011年度教育学一般课题"孤独症儿童的心理理论发展特点及认知行为干预研究"(批准号:BBA110019)

摘　　要：目的:探讨孤独症儿童心理理论之信念理解能力的发展特点。方法:采用中国-韦氏幼儿智力量表中图片词汇和积木图案两个分测验构成的简式组合,六个难度递增的信念理解任务组成的一个成套测验,对54名孤独症儿童和59名正常儿童施测。结果:①孤独症组在六个信念任务上的得分依次为:0.72±0.45、0.65±0.48、0.22±0.42、0.24±0.43、0.09±0.29、0.04±0.19。②孤独症组在六个信念任务上的得分及信念总分均显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。③控制言语理解能力前,组别主效应以及组别与任务之间的交互作用均显著(P<0.01);控制言语理解能力后,组别的主效应显著(P<0.001),组别与任务间的交互作用不显著(P>0.05)。结论:孤独症儿童的信念理解能力按照一定的序列发展,发展顺序依次为推测的信念、外表真实信念、冲突-真实信念及信念的多样性、明显的错误信念、错误信念。孤独症儿童在信念理解能力各难度水平及总体能力上都低于正常组儿童。Objective： To explore the developmental characteristic of belief understanding of autistic children. Meth- ods： A total of 54 autistic children and 59 normal children were investigated by a series of test including C-WYCSI（PV- BD） and six belief tasks with increasing difficulty. Results： （1）The scores of autistic group on the six belief tasks were 0.72± 0.45, 0.65±0.48, 0.22±0.42, 0.24±0.43, 0.09±0.29, and 0.04±0.19, respectively. （2）The six belief tasks and the total belief score in the autistic group were significantly lower than that in the control group （P〈0.01）. Before controlling the verbal ability, a significant interaction was found between the groups and tasks （P〈0.01）. Main effect between groups still existed （P〈 0.001） despite the influence of verbal ability, however, the interaction effect was no longer significant between groups and tasks （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： There was a certain sequence in the development of belief understanding of autistic children： inferred belief, appearance-reality belief, conflict true belief, diverse beliefs, explicit false belief, then false belief, therein- to, there were no differences between the difficulty of the conflict true belief task and diverse belief tasks for the autistic children. The development degree in each difficulty levels and the overall ability of belief understanding in the autistic group were significantly lower than that in the normal group.

关 键 词：孤独症 信念理解 心理理论 

分 类 号：R395.2[哲学宗教—心理学]