日本高龄者“孤独死”现象解析及对中国的启示  

An Analysis on the Phenomenon of“Isolation Death”of the Elderly in Japan and Its Inspiration to China

作　　者：高强[1] 李洁琼[2] 孔祥智[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院,北京100872 [2]西北大学法学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《人口学刊》2014年第1期41-53,共13页Population Journal

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目(13XNH150)

摘　　要：随着日本人平均寿命的延长和死亡率的下降,日本率先进入了超老龄社会。在地域社会变迁、家庭结构变革与传统社会支持网络瓦解的综合作用下,日本社会出现了高龄者"孤独死"现象,并进一步演化为一个社会问题。为了应对老龄化社会危机,日本不断修订完善相关政策,并创新实施了一系列应对措施,形成了政府性与民间性相结合,以公助和共助为基础,社区互助和高龄者自助相协作的支援体系。这些改革措施在一定程度上缓解了日本高龄者"孤独死"的社会压力,对于中国"孤独死"现象的预防以及其他老龄化问题的解决具有重要借鉴意义。Along with the extension of the life expectancy and the decline of birth rate, Japan has first en- tered a super-aging society. The isolation death is a social phenomenon that emerges, spreads and devel- ops under the influence of social structure reform, the reduction of family scale and the disintegration of tra- ditional social support network. In response to the aging crisis, Japan had completed amendments to many of the relevant laws, and established a series of social policies. These positive measures alleviated the so- cial pressure of isolated elderly people, and will also help set a model for searching the answers to the simi- lar problems in China.

关 键 词：高龄者 老龄化 孤独死 社会养老 日本 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]