啮齿动物群落组成与多群性研究  

Composition and diversity of rodents community

作　　者：董维惠[1] 杨玉平[1] 王利清[1] 张福顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2013年第6期536-538,542,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国农业科学院草原研究所)(编号:1610332013023)

摘　　要：目的研究内蒙古苏尼特右旗和二连浩特草原啮齿动物组成和多样性。方法 2009-2011年每年5、7、9月下旬在苏尼特右旗天然草场、弃耕地内,二连浩特市天然草场上,利用直线夹日法在不同生境内调查,行距50 m,夹距5 m,每块样地布放100个夹日,捕获啮齿动物逐只称量后解剖,详细记录繁殖情况,在室内进行数据计算处理。结果 3年共布放7 000个夹日,捕获啮齿动物291只,平均捕获率(4.16±0.47)%。苏尼特右旗和二连浩特市啮齿动物组成不同。苏尼特右旗天然草场有达乌尔黄鼠、五趾跳鼠、黑线仓鼠、蒙古短尾仓鼠、蒙古毛足鼠和长爪沙鼠。五趾跳鼠、达乌尔黄鼠和黑线仓鼠为优势种,3年年均多样性指数和均匀性指数分别为1.495 7和0.834 7。年间多样性指数和均匀性指数不完全相同,动物组成也不同。结论二连浩特市啮齿动物多样性指数高于苏尼特右旗,均匀性指数与苏尼特右旗基本相同。Objective To study on composition and diversity of rodents community on Suniteyougi county and Erlian- hot of Inner Mongolia. Methods This studies was wasteland of Suniteyouqi county,in desert grassland of Erlian- hot,in the later ten days of 5,7,9 months during 2009 -2011. The trapped rodents were weighed, surveyed and dis- sected, the breeding conditions was teken notes. The diversity of rodent community were calculated by shanno-weiner index and pielou index respectively. Results The total 7 000 trap-clays were arranged in Suniteyouqi county and Erlianhot from 2009 to 2011. Totally 291 rodents were captured on Suniteyouqi county and Erlianhot. An annual aver- age capture rate was 4.16% ＋ 0. 47%. The composition of rodents was different from Suniteyouqi county and Erlian- hot. There were 6 species of rodents in typical grassland of Suniteyouqi county. They were ground squirrel（ Spermophi- lus dauricus ） , mongolian five-toed jerboa （ Alalctaga sibirica ） , striped hamster （ Cricetullus barabesls ） , evemmann shamster（ Allocricetullus curtatus ） , striped hairy-footed hamster （ Phodopus camphelli ） and clawed jird （ Meriones un- guiculatus）. Mongolian five-toed jerboa, ground squirred and striped hamster were the dominant species. Shannon- weiner index and pielou index of rodent community were 1. 495 7 and 0. 834 7 respectively in typical grassland. Shan- non-weiner index, pielou index and composition of rodents community were not the same every year on typical grass- land. Conclusion Shannon -weiner index are Erlianhot more than Suniteyouqi county. Pilou index was as Sunit- eyouqi county as Erlianhot.

关 键 词：啮齿动物 群落组成 群落多样性 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]