8个烟碱类杀虫剂生物活性比较研究  

Comparative Study on Biological Activity of Eight Neonicotinoid Insecticides

作　　者：曾霞[1] 倪珏萍[1] 马亚芳[1] 施娟娟[1] 严柳[1] 倪龙博 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农药研究所股份有限公司,江苏南方农药研究中心,南京210046

出　　处：《现代农药》2013年第6期1-5,共5页MODERN AGROCHEMICALS

基　　金：国家"十二.五"科技支撑计划(2011BAE06B08-03)

摘　　要：比较吡虫啉、啶虫脒、烯啶虫胺、噻虫啉、噻虫嗪、噻虫胺、氯噻啉、呋虫胺等8个烟碱类杀虫剂的生物活性，为科学应用提供参考。采用浸渍法、浸稻苗法、浸叶碟法等对豆蚜、褐飞虱、二化螟、小菜蛾进行室内毒力测定，对活性进行分组，并进行了结构与活性关系初步分析。结果表明：烟碱类药剂对豆蚜LC50值为0．0314～0．3505mg／L，对抗吡虫啉的褐飞虱LC50值为0．5657～49．4046mg／L，对二化螟LC50值为7．5176～139．0369mg／L，对小菜蛾LC50值为10．5334～100mg／L。烟碱基闭环与开环、取代杂环等结构特点对药剂活性有影响。烟碱类药剂对同翅目害虫的活性显著优于对鳞翅目害虫的活性。在实际应用中可以采取轮用策略和兼治策略推进药剂的科学合理使用，还可加强研发种子处理剂等。In order to provide reference for scientific application, the biological activities of 8 neonicotinoid insecticides were compared, including imidacloprid, acetamiprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, imidaclothiz and dinotefuran. The bioassays were carried out by dipping method for bean aphid （BA）, rice seedling dipping method for brown planthopper （BP） or striped rice borer （SRB）, and leaf disk dipping method for diamondback moth （DM）. The testing data were grouped, and the relations between structure and biological activity were analyzed. The LC50 values of these neonicotinoid insecticides were 0.031 4-0.350 5 mg/L to BA, 0.565 7-49.4046 mg/L to BP, 7.517 6-139.036 9 mg/L to SRB, and 10.533 4-100 mg/L to DM, respectively. Insecticide activities were influenced by closed-loop or opened-loop of nicotinyl and substituted heterocyclic, etc. The activities on homopteran were significantly superior to lepidopteran. Rotation and double administration could promote the scientific and reasonable use of these insecticides in practical applications, and the technology of seed treatment is really worth paying attention to.

关 键 词：烟碱类杀虫剂 同翅目害虫 鳞翅目害虫 生物活性 比较 

分 类 号：S482.3[农业科学—农药学]