不同接地型式低压直流供电系统的电击防护性能理论分析  

Theoretical analysis on the protection properties against electric shock of low voltage DC distribution system with different grounding types

作　　者：雍静[1] 李露露[1] 王晓静[1] 曾礼强[1] 徐欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《重庆大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第11期21-26,共6页Journal of Chongqing University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51207174)

摘　　要：节能环保的新型低压直流供电系统在民用建筑等常规领域具有巨大的应用潜能与优势,但目前尚未有完善的规范指导其在实际中的应用以保证电气安全。电击防护性能是低压供电系统电气安全的重要衡量指标,但直流电的电击效应与交流电有着本质的差异。结合国际标准IEC60479-1,并参考已有交流系统的分析方法,基于理想直流源模型,对低压直流供电系统TT、IT、TN接地型式的电击防护性能进行了详细的理论分析;对比了直流750、400、300、220V与交流220V电压等级下,不同接地型式的电击防护性能,论证了负极接地的TT、TN直流供电系统的电击防护性能相较传统交流系统具有明显优势,并给出了相应的能满足安全条件的电压等级,为低压直流供电系统在民用建筑领域的推广及相关规范的制订提供了参考依据。The low voltage direct current（LVDC）distribution system has great potential and advantage to be applied to conventional areas, such as residential house, due to its characteristics of energy conservation and being eco-friendly, but there is no existing standard specifications to guide its application in practice to ensure the electrical safety of this system. The protection against electric shock is a key indicator of electric safety, but the effect of electric shocks on AC and DC are different. Refer to the international standard IEC60479-1 and analytical method in AC system, the protection against electric shock between DC 750, 400, 300, 220 V and AC 220 V systems are compared and analyzed based on ideal DC source model. It demonstrates that the negative grounded TT ＆ TN DC distribution system has significant advantages over the traditional AC system, and the safety voltages are given, which could be a reference to develop the normative guidance for the application of LVDC in practical application.

关 键 词：低压直流供电系统 接地故障 室颤电流 电击防护 

分 类 号：TM08[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]