柿属植物种子表型多样性及其萌发与幼苗生长研究  

Seed phenotypic diversity and germination growth of Diospyros plants

作　　者：孙鹏[1] 傅建敏[1] 周道顺[1] 梁玉琴[1] 张嘉嘉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院经济林研究开发中心,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2013年第11期19-25,共7页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑项目(2013BAD14B05);国家林业局948项目(2013-4-24)

摘　　要：对64份采自河南、福建、湖北、湖南、江西、浙江等省的柿属植物野生资源和主栽品种的种子表型、发芽率及实生苗生长指标进行了测定和评价。结果表明:64份资源的种子按种子长度可分为长种型、较长种型、普通型、短种型;按种子宽度可分为宽种型、普通型、窄种型;按种子厚度可分为厚种型、较厚种型、普通型、薄种型;按长宽比可以分为高长宽比型和低长宽比型;按发芽率可以分为高发芽率型、普通型、低发芽率型;按实生苗苗高可分为高苗高型、较高型、普通型、低苗高型;按实生苗地径可以分为粗地径型、较粗型、普通型、细地径型。种子发芽率分别和种子长度、宽度、厚度呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),但和种子长宽比没有相关性,即种子萌发能力与饱满度呈显著正相关,与种子形状无关;5个柿属植物不同种之间种子发芽率无显著差异,但柿种内不同来源间发芽率差异显著(P<0.05),表型差异极显著(P<0.01)。利用主成分分析法得出不同种类种子的实生繁育难易程度排序及日本甜柿的备选砧木资源。Seed phenotypic diversity and seedling growth of sixty-four wild resources as well as major cultivars of Diospyros were investigated and evaluated, which were collected from Henan, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi and Zhejiang Province etc.. According to seed length variation, the seeds were divided into 4 groups, i.e. longest seeds, long seeds, normal seeds and short seeds; the seeds were divided into 3 groups according to seed width variation, i.e. wide seeds, normal seeds and narrow seeds; the seeds were divided into 4 groups according to seed thickness variation, i.e. thickest seeds, thick seeds, normal seeds and thin seeds; the seeds were divided into 2 groups according to length-width ratio variation, i.e. high length-width ratio and low length-width ratio; the seeds were divided into 3 groups according to seed germination rate variation, i.e. high germination rate, normal germination rate and low germination rate; the seeds were divided into 4 groups according to seedling height variation, i.e. highest seedlings, high seedlings, normal seedlings and low seedlings; the seeds could be divided into 4 groups according to seedling basal diameter variation, i.e. thickest seedlings, thick seedlings, normal seedlings and thin seedlings. The seed germination rate was respectively significantly （P 〈 0.01） correlated with the seed height, width and thickness, whereas it was not significantly correlated with length-width ratio, which indicated that seed germination rate was positively correlated with seed plumpness, but not correlated with seed shape; no significant difference was determined among 5 species of Diospyros in germination rate, however, significant differences （P 〈 0.05） were found in Diospyros kaki seed germination rate among sources, and highly significant differences （P 〈 0.01） were found in Diospyros kaki phenotypie indexes among the sources. According to principal component analysis, the order of seed propagation ability and the stock resources for Japanese non-astringent persimmon wer

关 键 词：柿属植物 种子表型 发芽率 实生苗 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：S794.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S718.46[农业科学—林学]