小剂量利培酮治疗海洛因依赖者心理渴求的临床疗效  

Clinical curative effect of small dose risperidone in treatment of drug craving in heroin addicts

作　　者：蔡丹丹[1] 桂冬辉[1] 张建兵[1] 黄燕燕[1] 周文华[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波戒毒研究中心,浙江宁波315010

出　　处：《中国新药与临床杂志》2013年第12期984-987,共4页Chinese Journal of New Drugs and Clinical Remedies

基　　金：科技部"十二五"支撑项目(2012BAI01B07)

摘　　要：目的探讨小剂量利培酮对海洛因依赖者心理渴求的临床疗效及安全性。方法将60例海洛因依赖者随机分为两组:试验组32例,对照组28例。两组均接受东莨菪碱联合氯丙嗪静脉复合麻醉脱毒治疗5 d、康复5 d的住院治疗,试验组同时口服利培酮片2 mg·d-1连续10 d,出院后维持治疗1个月。采用海洛因渴求量表对两组患者入院时、出院时及出院1个月后进行评分,并进行不良反应观察。结果共55例完成全部研究,对照组26例,试验组29例。与入院时相比,两组出院时及出院1个月后的海洛因渴求量表总分及各因子分均下降(P<0.01)。出院时试验组的海洛因渴求量表总分及各因子分均低于对照组(P<0.05);出院1个月后对照组的海洛因渴求量表总分及各因子分高于出院时(P<0.01),试验组低于出院时(P<0.05),组间有非常显著差异(P<0.01)。研究中未观察到明显不良反应。结论小剂量利培酮能有效降低海洛因依赖者的心理渴求,是一种安全有效的预防复吸的干预方法。AIM To investigate the curative effect and safety of small dose risperidone in treatment of psychological craving in heroin addicts. METHODS Sixty heroin addicts were randomly divided into two groups： 32 in test group and 28 in control group. Both groups were detoxified by scopolamine-chlorpromazine balanced intravenous anesthesia for 5 days and rehabilitated for 5 days in hospital. The test group was treated with risperidone tablets 2 mg＇d-~ additionally during the 10 days in hospital, and maintained for 1 months. Both groups were scored by Rating Scale for Heroin Craving at the time-point of hospital admission, discharge from the hospital and a month after hospital discharge. Adverse drug reactions were observed at the same time. RESULTS A total of 55 patients completed the study, 26 in the control group and 29 in the test group. Comparing with those on hospital admission, the total scores and factor scores of Rating Scale for Heroin Craving declined at the time-point of hospital discharge and one month after hospital discharge （P 〈 0.01） . When the patients left hospital, the total[ scores and factor scores of the test group were lower than those of the control group （P 〈 0.05） . One month after hospital discharge, the scores of the control group were higher than those at the time-point of hospital discharge （P 〈 0.01）, while the scores of the test group were lower （P 〈 0.01 ）, and there were significant differences between the two groups （P 〈 0.05）. No significant adverse reactions were observed in the study. CONCLUSION Small dose of risperidone can effectively reduce the heroin craving, and it is a safe and effective intervention method for relapse prevention.

关 键 词：海洛因依赖 心理渴求 利培酮 临床对照试验 

分 类 号：R971[医药卫生—药品]