环境友好型生物表面活性剂对浮选气泡动力学的影响研究  

Study on Effects of Environment-Friendly Biosurfactants on Bubble Hydrodynamics in Flotation Column

作　　者：裴明敬[1] 朱婷婷[2] 杨晶晶[2] 阮晓东[3] 李彦鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北核技术研究所,陕西西安710024 [2]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西西安710054 [3]浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2013年第6期985-990,共6页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11072203);流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室开放基金(GZKF-201026);中央高校基本科研业务专项基金(2013G2291013)

摘　　要：为了考察生物表面活性剂替代化学表面活性剂调控浮选气泡的能力,采用高速摄影技术,对比研究了茶皂素、鼠李糖脂和曲拉通3种表面活性剂溶液中单个气泡的变形、终速度与运动轨迹,以及气泡群的尺寸分布特征。结果表明,类似于化学表面活性剂,生物表面活性剂对单气泡的浮升运动和气泡群的尺寸分布均有重要的影响。少量的茶皂素就可以有效地抑制气泡变形、降低气泡终速度、增强气泡的稳定性、减小气泡群的特征尺寸和增大气泡群的比表面积。另外,生物表面活性剂对气泡的影响取决于生物表面活性剂的种类和浓度。茶皂素的调控效果强于鼠李糖脂。单从对气泡动力学行为的影响效果来看,生物表面活性剂可能成为化学表面活性剂的替代品或升级换代品。In order to examine using the biosurfactants as potential alternatives of chemical synthetic surfactants to control bubble behavior in flotation process, the high-speed photographic method was employed to measure the motion of the single bubble and size distribution of bubble swarms in the presence of biosurfactants in a laboratory scale flotation column. Deionized water, rhamnolipid, tea saponin and Triton X-100 were used for making various surfactant solutions. Bubble trajectory, dimensions, velocity and distribution were then determined from the recorded frames by using the image analysis software. The results show that similar to chemical synthetic surfactants, the addition of biosurfactants has significant effects on bubble motion and size distribution. It was found that, due to the Marangoni effect, the addition of a small amount of tea saponin can dampen bubble deformation, slow down bubble terminal velocity, stabilize bubble trajectory, reduce bubble size and increase the specific surface area of bubble swarms. In addition, it was also found that the effect of biosurfactant on bubble behavior depends on their type and concentration. The controlling effect of tea saponin, is fairly close to that of Triton X-100, and is stronger than that of rhamnolipid. The results obtained in the present study suggest that some biosurfactants can be used to replace the chemical surfactants for controlling bubble behavior in flotation column.

关 键 词：生物表面活性剂 浮选 气泡 高速摄影 

分 类 号：O647.9[理学—物理化学] TQ423.94[理学—化学]