土石混合弃土堆置体产流产沙模拟研究  

Runoff and Sediment Yield Modeling on Spoilbank with Soil-stone Mixture

作　　者：景民晓[1] 谢永生[1,2] 赵暄 索改弟[1] 刘楠[1] 陈磊[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西安高科集团高科房产有限责任公司,西安710075

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第6期11-15,20,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项"工程开挖面与堆积体水土流失测算技术研究"(201201048)及"风力作用下扰动地表侵蚀预报关键技术研究"(201201047);国家科技支撑计划课题"农田水土保持工程与耕作关键技术研究"(2011BAD31B01)

摘　　要：以前期概化的4类弃土堆置体为研究对象,采用室内人工模拟降雨试验,研究不同弃土堆置类型在4种不同降雨强度下的产流产沙特征。结果表明:各堆置类型弃土堆置体的径流率随降雨时间呈波动式增大,径流含沙量随降雨时间呈波动式减小,侵蚀速率随降雨时间呈稳定、波动2种变化趋势;平均径流率、平均侵蚀速率与降雨强度呈线性关系,平均径流含沙量与降雨强度呈指数函数关系,总产沙量与总径流量呈线性关系。坡顶平台有车辆碾压的倾倒堆置在降雨强度为2.0,2.5mm/min情况下,总产沙量和总径流量明显大于其它堆置类型。Four different types of spoilbanks were selected as research object based on previous research gen- eralization, the runoff and sediment characteristics of different types under four different rainfall intensities was studied by indoor artificial rainfall simulation experiments. The results showed that the runoff rate of all spoilbanks increased in a fluctuating tendency with the rainfalls time, the sediment concentration of runoff decreased in a fluctuating tendency with the rainfalls time, while the erosion rate appeared in two types with the rainfalls time, which were stability and fluctuation. Rainfall intensity had a linear function relation with average runoff rate and average erosion rate. Average sediment concentration of runoff had an exponential function relation with rainfall intensity, while total sediment yield and runoff volume accorded with linear correlation. Under the rainfall intensity with 2.0 mm/min and 2.5 mm/min, the total sediment and runoff of the type of rolling compaction by construction machinery at the top of slop were significantly higher than oth- er spoilbanks.

关 键 词：弃土堆置体 模拟降雨 径流 侵蚀 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]