蔬菜对富营养化藕田水体的净化效应研究  

Study on Purification Effect of Vegetable on Eutrophication Water in the Artificial Wetland of Lotus

作　　者：曹银珠[1] 刘树庆[1] 石艳星 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第6期97-102,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"村镇污水灌溉处理消纳净化利用技术研究"子课题(2008BAJ08B13-07)

摘　　要：通过室内模拟试验和藕田现场试验,以生菜和油菜为试验材料,研究蔬菜对富营养化藕田水体中各营养盐的净化效果。结果表明:蔬菜对总磷(TP)的净化效果最好,对化学需氧量(CODcr)的净化效果最差。室内模拟试验中蔬菜对总磷(TP)、氨氮(NH+4-N)、总氮(TN)、化学需氧量(CODcr)的净化率分别为95%~97%,97%~98%,82%~88%,24%~28%;实际净化率分别为50%~52%,12%~14%,12%~18%,8%~13%。藕田试验中蔬菜对总磷(TP)、氨氮(NH+4-N)、总氮(TN)、化学需氧量(CODcr)的净化率分别为40%~54%,89%~93%,55%~57%,75%~82%;实际净化率分别为18%~32%,12%~16%,9%~11%,3%~9%。水培蔬菜可食部分的重金属含量和硝酸盐含量均未超标,符合食用标准。通过对莲藕经济效益回归模型进行分析,施氮量为260.38kg/hm2和施磷量为246.29kg/hm2时经济效益最高为288 293.782元/hm2。The purification effect of lettuce and rape on eutrophication water in the artificial wetland of lotus, through laboratory simulation test and field test of lotus field was studied. The results showed that the puri- fication effect on total phosphorus （TP） of vegetables was best, the purification effect on chemical oxygen demand （CODcr） was worst. In the laboratory simulation test indicated that the purification rate of total phosphorus （TP）, ammonium nitrogen （NH4＋ --N）, total nitrogen （TN）, chemical oxygen demand （COD- cr） caused by vegetables was 95%~97%, 97%~98%, 82%~88%, 24%~28% respectively, the actual purification rate caused by vegetables was 50~52%, 12%~14%, 12%~18~, 8~13% respectively. In the field test of lotus field, the purification rate of total phosphorus （TP）, ammonium nitrogen （NH4＋ --N）, total nitrogen （TN）, chemical oxygen demand （CODcr） caused by vegetables was 40G^54%, 89 %~93 %, 55%~57%, 75 % ~ 82% respectively, the actual purification rate caused by vegetables was 18% ~ 32%, 12~16%, 9%~11%, 3%~9% respectively. The heavy metal content and nitrate content in edible part of hydroponic vegetable were not overweight, according with standard of consumption. Through the regres- sion analysis model of economic benefits of lotus root, the result showed the benefits was highest when the nitrogen application and phosphorus application was 260.38 kg/hm2 , 246.29 kg/hm2 respectively at the same time, the highest benefits was 288 293. 782 ￥/hm2.

关 键 词：蔬菜 富营养化 藕田水体 净化效应 合理施肥 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]