新疆绿洲城市土地利用景观格局时空演化及驱动力研究  

Spatial and Temporal Evolution and Mechanism of Landscape Pattern of Oasis of Urban in Xinjiang

作　　者：李松[1,2,3] 张小雷[3] 李寿山[3] 杜宏茹[3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学管理学院,中国新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国科学院大学,中国北京100049 [3]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,中国新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《经济地理》2013年第12期161-168,共8页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(11CSH007);新疆农业大学土地资源管理专业重点培育学科项目;中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB3-01)

摘　　要：绿洲城市土地利用景观是城市系统主要组成部分,新疆城市是绿洲城市典型代表,其土地利用景观演变过程有其独特的规律性,将1995—2010年新疆18个绿洲城市作为研究序列和研究对象,构建城市土地利用景观多样性指标、均匀性指标、优势性指标,分别反映城市土地利用的多元度、复杂度、稳定度、垄断度;并从21个影响土地利用景观演变的因素中,通过统计相关性筛选出4个主导因素。得出以下结论:①15年间新疆绿洲城市土地利用景观多样性呈现上升趋势,土地利用结构趋于复杂、多变态势;土地利用景观均匀性演变过程呈现螺旋性上升,城市间差异较大;城市土地景观分异性依然存在,但趋于下降。②新疆绿洲城市土地利用景观演变过程影响因素复杂、多元,同时南北疆各城市由于受自然环境、社会经济环境、政策环境的影响,差异性较大,城市空间扩张和生态退化对土地利用景观的变化呈现双向递推模式发展,同时受城市空间外部扩展的挤压和生态退化的内部侵蚀的作用。③城市土地产出效益,土地经济投入效益和城市扩张成为影响新疆绿洲城市土地利用景观演变主要因素,表明人文因素成为绿洲城市土地利用景观多样性、均匀性和优势性演变的主导动力。The oasis of urban land use landscape is the main part of the city system, Xinjiang city is a typical representative of the oasis city, land use landscape evolution has its unique regularity, the sequence and the object of study is 18 oasis cities in 1995-2010 in Xinjiang as the study of, constructing the urban land use landscape diversity index, evenness index, dominance index, distribution reflect more urban land use multiple, complexity, stability, the degree of monopoly, And from 21 influence on the land use evolution of the landscape factors, through the statistical correlation screen out four dominant factors. The results of the study show that： （1）15 a Xinjiang oasis between urban land use landscape diversity showed a rising trend, the land use structure tend to be complex and changeable situation; Land use landscape uniformity evolution process presents spiral, differences between the cities; Urban land .landscape monopolistic still exists, but tend to go down. （2）Oasis city land utilization landscape evolution process complex factors, multiple, and at the same time, cities because of the natural environment, social economic environment, policy environment, difference is bigger in output efficiency of urban land, Urban space expansion and ecological degradation of landscape of land use change present bidirectional recursive model, which is effect between the urban ＂space external extension and internal erosion extrusion of ecological degradation. （3）Land economy into effective and urban expansion into impact oasis of urban land use landscape evolution of the main factors shows that human factors of urban land use become oasis landscape diversity, evenness and dominance in the evolution of the leading power.

关 键 词：绿洲城市 土地利用 景观多样性 新疆 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]