长三角与珠三角就业密度分布比较研究  

A Comparative Research on Employment Density Distribution between Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta

作　　者：劳昕[1,2,3] 沈体雁[1] 温锋华[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学政府管理学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学科学与工程计算中心,北京100871 [3]哈佛大学地理分析中心,美国ma02138 [4]中央财经大学政府管理学院,北京100081

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2013年第12期I0012-I0017,共6页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071076);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41301178);教育部人文社会科学基金青年基金项目(12YJC630227)

摘　　要：利用全国第一次和第二次经济普查的就业人口数据,采用空间分析技术和空间统计方法,考察和分析了长江三角洲与珠江三角洲的就业密度分布情况。研究发现,长三角和珠三角的就业密度核心区均集中在三角洲沿岸的重要城市,由核心区往外就业密度分布呈圏层结构递减。此外,两大经济区相比,长三角呈现出以上海为中心的单中心就业空间结构,扩散效应强于集聚效应,就业密度核心区向西北方向扩展;珠三角则表现出以深圳、广州、东莞、珠海为中心的多中心就业空间结构,在空间收缩中呈现密集化,集聚效应明显。由此可见,长三角就业中心的辐射与带动效应强于珠三角。作为中国经济最发达的地区,长三角和珠三角分别呈现出"单中心扩散"和"多中心集聚"这两种迥然不同的就业密度分布模式,与两地区的经济发展模式之间存在密切关系。Using the employment population of the first and second national economic census, this article compares the employment density distribution of Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta with spatial analysis technique and spatial statistics method. The results show that the employment density core areas of Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta are mainly located in important cities along the delta coasts, and there exists a layer structure decreasing outward from the core area in the employment density distribution. More importantly, Yangtze River Delta presents a monocentrie employment spatial structure centering on Shanghai, and the employment density core area is expanding to the northwest, which means the diffusing effect outweighs the agglomeration effect. Nevertheless, it shows a polycentric employment spatial structure centering on Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Dongguan and Zhuhai in Pearl River Delta, and its employment density distribution is becoming concentrated in the spatial contraction process, indicating a significant agglomeration effect. Thus it can be seen that the radiation and driving effect of Yangtze River Delta is stronger than Pearl River Delta. As the most developed regions in China, the two distinct patterns of employment density distribution of Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta are closely related to their regional economic development patterns.

关 键 词：就业密度 就业中心 集聚与扩散 长三角 珠三角 

分 类 号：F129.9[经济管理—世界经济]