重庆市九龙坡区7503例手足口病流行特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of 7503 hand-foot-mouth disease cases in Jiulongpo District of Chongqing

作　　者：谭学筠 梁小华[1] 熊飞[1] 吴贵琴 

机构地区：[1]重庆市九龙坡区疾病预防控制中心,重庆400039 [2]富丽南开小学,重庆401331

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2013年第11期1406-1407,1419,共3页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：重庆市卫生局2012年医学科研计划项目(No.2012-2-453);九龙坡区2012年科技项目(No.2012-1)

摘　　要：目的分析重庆市九龙坡区2007～2012年手足口病(HFMD)流行特征,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法运用描述性流行病学方法,对重庆市九龙坡区7 503例HFMD病发病资料进行分析。结果 2007～2012年共发生HFMD 7 503例,重症3例,死亡2例,年均发病率为137.8/10万,死亡率0.04/10万,病死率0.23%;病例发病时间集中在4～6月和10～12月;城区发病多于农村(χ2=9.79,P<0.01);发病人群以5岁以下散居儿童和托幼儿童为主,占病例总数的95.51%,尤以1～3岁发病最高占72.11%;男女性别比例为1.53:1,男性发病率比女性高(χ2=307.87,P<0.01)。病原学构成普通病例以CoxA16型、EV71型为主,聚集性和暴发病例以EV71型为流行优势株.6年间发生聚集性病例和暴发疫情共32起420例,罹患率4.77%,均发生在幼托机构。结论九龙坡区HFMD发病率呈逐年上升趋势,聚集性病例和暴发疫情高发场所为托幼机构,应加强托幼机构、商业集中的街道社区及流动人口聚居地5岁以下儿童HFMD防病知识宣传和疫情监测控制。Objective To grasp epidemic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in Jiulongpo district of Chongqing. Methods The data of 7 503 HFMD cases in Jiulongpo district were collected and analyzed comprehensively with descriptive epidemiology method. Results There were 7 503 HFMD cases from 2007 to 2012,including three severe cases and two deaths. The annual average incidence rate of HFMD was 137.8/100 000,the average mortality rate was 0.04/100 000,and the average fatality rate was 0.23%;There were two high incidence peaks one occurred between April and June,the other between October and December. The incidence rate was higher in urban area than those in rural area（x2=9.79,P〈0.01 ） ; 95.51% of cases occurred in children younger than 5 years old,the highest incidence occurred mainly in age group of one to three years made up 72.11%;The gender ratio of male and femal was 1.53：1 and the incidence rate of male was higher than female（x2=307.87 ,P〈0.01 ）. Antibodies of CoxA16 and EV71 were the main pathogens. Among the six years,420 cases were involved in 32 outbreaks and the attack rate was 4.77% ,all outbreaks were happened in kindergarten and nursery. Conclusions Incidence of HFMD in Jiulongpo district showed an increasing trend,therefore,epidemic surveiUance of nursery,communities and densely populated regions and children under 5 years should be strengthened to prevent and control the epidemic of HFMD in t his distrct.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行 分析 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]