某大型石化企业职业人群混苯暴露水平监测  

Biological Monitoring of Levels of the Mixed Benzene Exposure Among Occupational Workers in a Large Petrochemical Enterprise

作　　者：王守林[1] 戴建国[1] 杜冰[2] 曹晋柱[2] 吴仲华[2] 陈海燕[1] 徐莉春[1] XP Xu 王心如[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,南京210029 [2]扬子石化公司医院职防所 [3]南京医科大学哈佛大学生态遗传与临床流行病学合作研究中心

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2000年第6期403-405,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!资助项目 (编号 39640 0 6)

摘　　要：[目的 ]　通过测定某大型石化企业车间环境中混苯 (苯、甲苯、二甲苯 )及工人尿液中混苯的代谢产物 ,评价工人的接触水平。 [方法 ]　选择该公司有混苯暴露的芳烃、烯烃等六个厂以及无混苯暴露的职工医院 ,用气相色谱法 (GC)测定空气中混苯 ,并用高效液相色谱法 (HPL C)法测定工人尿液中反 ,反 -粘糠酸 (t,t- MA)以及马尿酸(HA)。 [结果 ]　车间空气中苯的平均浓度波动在 0 .73～ 2 6 .91mg/ m3之间 ,最大超标率为 7.41% ,最大超标倍数为2 0 .91;混苯暴露厂工人尿液中 t,t- MA,工后明显高于工前 ,差值波动在 1.14～ 3.78ug/ mg.Cr,明显高于对照单位的 0 .33 ug/ mg.Cr,且暴露工人尿液的变化值与空气苯浓度呈等级相关性 (Rs=0 .6 4,P=0 .0 3) ;甲苯、二甲苯检出率较低 ,HA工后、工前无明显差异。 [结论 ]　该公司存在混苯暴露 ,但以低浓度苯暴露为主 ,t,t-Objective] In a large petrochemical enterprise, the mixed benzene including benzene, toluene and xylene in the ambient air of workshops and their metabolites in the worker's urine were determined in order to evaluate levels of the mixed benzene exposure.[Methods] Six mixed benzene exposure factories including aromatic hydrocarbon factory and alkene factory and nonexposure workers' hospital were selected for examining the mixed benzene in the air and trans, trans-muconic acid (t, t-MA) and hippuric acid (HA) in the occupational workers' urine with GC and HPLC respectively.[Result] The average concentration of benzene is 0.73～26.91 mg/m 3, the highest rate of excessing the national health standard is 7.41% and the highest multiple is 20.91; In the mixed benzene exposure factories, t,t-MA concertration in the urine of workers after work is significantly higher than that before work. The difference between them is 1.14～3.78 ug/mg.Cr There exists a rank positive relationship between the variation of the benzene concentration in the urine of workers and in the air (Rs=0.64,P=0.03); The examination rates of toluene and xylene are comparatively low and no signifcant HA difference was found both before work and after work.[Conclusion] The results suggest that mixed benzene mainly in the form of low concentration of benzene exists in this enterprist, and that t,t-MA can be regarded as a biological indicator to evaluate benzene exposure.

关 键 词：混苯暴露 生物学监测 马尿酸 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]