发酵床猪舍内气载需氧菌的分布状况  

Distribution of airborne aerobic microorganisms in bio-bed pigsty

作　　者：宦海琳[1] 冯国兴[1] 李健[1] 闫俊书[1] 潘孝青[1] 徐小明[1] 顾洪如[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2013年第6期1411-1414,共4页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省农业自主创新基金项目[CX12(1001)]

摘　　要：本研究以选择性培养基（营养琼脂、虎红氯霉素琼脂、甘露醇氯化钠琼脂、伊红美兰琼脂及沙门和志贺菌属琼脂）为采样介质,采用自然沉降法,通过培养计数,对发酵床猪舍和水冲清粪猪舍的气载需氧菌（细菌总数、真菌总数、葡萄球菌、大肠菌群、沙门氏菌）进行了监测.研究结果表明发酵床猪舍气载细菌总数、真菌总数、葡萄球菌含量、大肠菌群含量分别为4.57×104～8.71×104 CFU/m3、1.26× 104～2.27× 104 CFU/m3、3.10× 104 ～ 5.59×104 CFU/m3和1.86×103～3.07× 103 CFU/m3,水冲清粪猪舍气载细菌总数、真菌总数、葡萄球菌含量、大肠菌群含量分别为6.00× 104～10.00× 104 CFU/m3、1.54× 104 ～ 2.60× 104 CFU/m3、3.62× 104 ～ 6.52× 104 CFU/m3和1.77×103 ～2.57×103 CFU/m3,沙门氏菌在2种猪舍中都未检出.发酵床猪舍环境气载需氧菌季节性波动较大,需氧总菌含量（细菌总数、真菌总数）夏季最高,秋季最低,而冬季的气载葡萄球菌含量最高.采用磷酸盐、硅酸盐的复合粉剂在消毒后1h可明显降低夏季发酵床猪舍气载微生物浓度,而不影响发酵床垫料微生物含量.By natural sedimentation, counting of aerobic microorganisms （ bacteria, fungi, Staphylococcus, Esche- richia and Salmonella）were monitored through counting colonies in bio-bed and water-washed pigsties. The total number of airborne aerobic bacterial, fungi, Staphylococcus and Escherichia in bio-bed pigsty were 4.57 x 104 -8.71 X 104 CFU/m3 , 1.26x104-2.27x 104 CFU/m3 , 3.10 104 -5.59 104 CFU/m3 and 1.86x 103 -3.07x 103 CFU/m3 , respectively, and were 6.00 x 104 - 10. 00 x 104 CFU/m3, 1.54 x 104 - 2.60 x 104 CFU/ma , 3.62 x 104 - 6.52 x 104 CFU/m3 and 1.77 x 103 - 2.57x103 CFU/m3 in water-washed pigsty, respectively. Salmonella was undetected in two types of pigsties. The airborne aerobic bacteria in bio-bed pigsty were season-dependant, reaching the top in summer and the bottom in autumn. The con- centration of Staphylococcus was the highest in winter. The number of airborne aerobic bacteria had a substantial reduction in bio-bed pigsty after disinfection with phosphate and silicate compound powder for 1 h, however microorganism in the bio- bed litter were not affected.

关 键 词：发酵床养猪 气载需氧菌 季节性变化 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学] Q939.1[农业科学—畜牧兽医]