φ38~φ42mm三刃形钎头应逐步成为我国小直径凿岩用锥体连接钎头的主导产品  

Three-Point Bit of φ38-φ42mm Shall Become Leading Products among the Small-Diameter Conbits for Rock Drilling Progressively

作　　者：张国榉[1] 叶凌云 张汉斌[1] 周晔[1] 赵书涛 杨海曙 张华庆 金成勇 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)掘进工程研究 [2]湖北嘉裕管业股份有限公司,湖北咸宁437224 [3]中建交通建设集团市镇建设有限公司,北京100142

出　　处：《凿岩机械气动工具》2013年第4期7-13,共7页Rock Drilling Machinery & Pneumatic Tools

摘　　要：采掘业是国民经济基础产业,凿岩技术是采掘业的先导。我国是火药和冲击凿井术("顿钻")的发明国,鸦片战争前夕的1835年,凿成了世界上第一口超千米深井(四川自贡燊海井深1001.42米,为国家重点保护文物),谱写了人类冲击凿岩技术的辉煌历史。由于晚清的政治腐败和民国以来的社会动乱,从1840年到1949年的109年,我国的凿岩技术基本上仍停留在铁锤+实心钢钎的时代。我国凿岩技术和凿岩机具工业的现代化建设,是新中国成立后从学习苏联技术开始的。经过六十年特别是改革开放三十多年来,全国钎钢钎具、凿岩机械以及钢铁和硬质合金等超硬材料工作者的共同努力,我国钎钢钎具、凿岩机械、硬质合金工业已拥有众多创新技术,国产凿岩钎具和凿岩机械的质量、品种与性价比指标大幅提升,不少产品已经可以和世界名牌公司的同类产品一争高下。我们长期面对的全断面隧道掘进机(TBM)、全液压凿岩钻车,以及钻车凿岩用重型钎杆和硬质合金整体钎子等长钎具"瓶颈",也已经或即将取得重要突破,正向着建设世界头号钢铁、硬质合金、凿岩机械、钎钢钎具生产强国的目标迈进。高效低耗凿岩也正成为全世界凿岩工程科技界与产业界,共同追求的永无止境的目标。本文就我国采掘工程钻爆法施工中占很大比重的小直径凿岩技术存在的问题和努力方向,提出了一些分析和建议。the excavating industry is a fundamental industry for the national economy, and the rock drilling technolo-gy takes the lead in the excavating industry. China is the country where the power and the percussive well drilling technology （＂cable tool drilling＂） were invented. In 1835, prior to The Opium War in 1840, the first deep well （Shehai well in Zigong, Siehuan province has the depth of 1001.42 meters and is one of the national key protected cultural relies） which was more than l000 meters in depth was drilled, writing a glorious chapter in the history of human ＇ s percussive well drilling. During the period of 109 years from 1840 to 1949, the rock drilling technology in China almost stagnated in the era of the steel ham- mer ＋ solid drill steel as a result of the political corruption in later Qing dynasty and the social turmoil in the Republic of Chi- na. The modernization of the rock drilling technology and the industry of rocking drill tools begun with learning relevant tech- nologies from Soviet Russia after the foundation the PRC. After 60 years＇ commitment and effort by professionals in the fields of drill steel and drilling tools, rock drilling machines as we as steel and super-hard materials like carbide, especially over 30 years following the Reform and Opening Up, the domestic rock drilling tools and rocking drilling machines improved drasti- cally in terms of quality, type and price/performance ratio. Many products can compete against the products of same kinds from the renowned companies worldwide. ＂Bottlenecks＂, namely, long drilling tools such as the heavy-duty drill rods and the carbide integral drill rods that are used on the tunnel boring machines （TBM）, all hydraulic drilling jumbos and drilling rigs have been broken or will be broken soon; China is striding on the way towards its objective of being NO. 1 country which man- ufactures the steel, carbide, the rock drilling machines as well as drill steel and drilling tools. High-efficient and low-con- sumptive rock dril

关 键 词：采掘工业 凿岩工程 凿岩机械 凿岩工具 锥体连接钎头 锥体连接钎杆 一字形钎头 三刃形钎头 十字形钎头 球齿钎头 复合片齿钎头 钎头优势直径 超级钢 钢质标准 加压烧结 真空气淬热处理 凿岩硬质合金 DY—I型卸钎器 钎头使用规范 三刃和十字形钎头修磨机 硬质合金整体钎杆 一字和三刃形整钎修磨机 钎头使用寿命 纯钻速 工业钻速 单位工程量凿岩成本 硬质合金有效利用率 

分 类 号：TD231.61[矿业工程—矿井建设]