环境因子变化对褐飞虱非特异性酯酶活性的影响  

Effect of environmental factor changes on the activity of non-specific esterase in brownplanthopper,Nilaparvata lugens Stl(Hemiptera:Delphacidae)

作　　者：郭燕[1] 巨青松 姚洪渭[1] 蒋明星[1] 叶恭银[1] 程家安[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学昆虫科学研究所/水稻生物学国家重点实验室/农业部作物病虫分子生物学重点开放实验室,杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2013年第6期591-599,共9页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"资助项目(2010CB126206)

摘　　要：为了探明酯酶在褐飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens Stl)快速适应环境变化中的功能与机制,分别就水稻品种、施氮水平和温度等环境因子对褐飞虱不同种群非特异性酯酶活性的影响进行研究.结果表明:褐飞虱不同种群的酯酶活性存在极显著差异,其中以中国广西种群最高,分别是中国浙江种群和泰国彭世洛种群的2.24倍和1.24倍.将褐飞虱转接到不同水稻品种上取食后,浙江种群和彭世洛种群酯酶活性显著升高,广西种群酯酶活性除在水稻品种TN1上取食后显著升高外,均被抑制而降低.褐飞虱酯酶活性对水稻品种更换的应激响应可能与水稻籼/粳类型有关.低氮处理的稻苗可诱导浙江种群和彭世洛种群酯酶活性显著升高,使广西种群酯酶活性出现波动;高氮处理稻苗可诱导彭世洛种群酯酶活性显著升高,使浙江种群和广西种群酯酶活性出现显著的波动.高氮处理的不同褐飞虱种群酯酶活性均明显低于低氮处理的.温度变化能显著降低浙江种群和广西种群酯酶活性,却显著提高彭世洛种群酯酶活性.21℃处理的不同褐飞虱种群酯酶活性均明显低于29℃处理的.褐飞虱酯酶对不同环境因子变化的应激响应具有种群特异性,其中浙江种群和彭世洛种群之间的相似性较高,而与广西种群的相似性相对较低.说明褐飞虱酯酶及其基因可用作评价稻田生态系统对褐飞虱灾变调控功能的候选特征指标.The brown planthopper （BPH）, Nilaparvata lugens Stal （ Hemiptera： Delphaeidae）, is an important pest of rice in Asia. It sucks rice phloem sap, transmits rice viruses, and often causes serious loss of rice yield. Changes in modern cropping system like the increase in susceptible hybrid varieties, fertilizers, pesticides, and temperature resulted in high frequency of N. lugens outbreaks, mainly attributed to its capability of environmental adaptation. Esterases catalyze the hydrolysis of endogenous and foreign compounds containing ester bond, and play major roles in xenobiotic detoxification, pheromone degradation, neurogenesis, and regulation of development and reproduction in insects. However, the function and mechanism of N. lugens esterases in rapid adaption to environmental factors remains unclear. In this paper, the effects of environmental factors including rice variety, nitrogen application level, and temperature on the activity response of non-specific esterase in female adults from different populations were preliminarily studied. Three N. lugens populations, collected from Zhejiang and Guangxi of China and Phitsanulok of Thailand, were respectively treated with rice varieties including TN1 （a insect susceptible indica variety）, IR64 （a local indica variety in tropical areas）, Xiushui 11 （a local japonica variety in China） and Liangyou 363 （a local hybrid variety in China）, nitrogen applications with low and high doses, and temperatures of 21 ~C and 29 ~C. The non- specific esterase activity in N. lugens populations was determined spectrophotometrically following the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl acetate （p-NPA） at 405 nm. The results showed that there were highly significant effects of rice varieties, nitrogen application levels, and temperatures on the esterase activity in N. lugens populations, respectively. The esterase activities in N. lugens populations were significantly different, whereas the activity of Guangxi population was about 2.24 times and 1.24 times higher t

关 键 词：褐飞虱 非特异性酯酶 酶活性 水稻品种 施氮水平 温度 

分 类 号：S435.112.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] Q965[农业科学—植物保护]