唯物史观视野中的“生态问题”——乔纳森·休斯对西方生态主义的批判  

Ecological Problems in the Perspective of Historical Materialism: On Hughes' Criticism to the Western Ecological Philosophy

作　　者：穆艳杰[1] 罗莹[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学马克思主义学院 [2]北华大学管理学院

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2014年第1期126-132,175,共7页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目(10YJA710046);吉林省社会科学基金十八大重点项目(2013A03)

摘　　要：西方生态主义认为,马克思"按需分配"为核心的共产主义理论没有看到"自然的界限",对生态问题"视而不见",因此,马克思主义是反生态的。休斯明确反对上述观点,他认为,马克思把自然的界限看做是"人对人自身的限制"投射到了自然当中,在此情况下,自然的界限才能够不作为"界限"而存在。用人自身的自我限制来取代外部自然界限的限制,是休斯的生态马克思主义思想的核心理念。从这一理念出发,休斯围绕"生态问题"界定上的争论,批判了西方生态主义者的抽象伦理观的道德说教做法,捍卫了马克思的历史唯物主义思想。The western ecological philosophy considered that the core of communism theory of Marx was distribution according to one's needs,whereas it can't see the limits of nature and it was blinded to ecological problems,so Marxism is against ecological view. Hughes argued against the above views,he said,Marx take the limits of natural as person to person's own limitations that projected to the nature,in this case,natural boundaries to which exists as a'limit'. Restriction on one's own self replaced the external natural boundaries,this is the core ideas of the ecological Marxism of Hughes. Starting from the ideas,Hughes debated around on the definition of'ecological problems',criticized the abstraction of the western ecological ethics moral preaching,defended the thoughts of Marx's historical materialism.

关 键 词：乔纳森·休斯 马克思 西方生态主义 唯物史观 生态问题 

分 类 号：B03[哲学宗教—哲学理论]