施肥对华北寒旱区甜菜生长后期光合特性及产量的影响  

Effect of Fertilization on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Yield of Sugar Beet at Later Stage in the Cold and Arid Areas of North China

作　　者：武东霞[1,2] 刘玉华[1,2] 张立峰[1,2] 张君君[1,2] 张莉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部张北农业资源与生态环境重点野外科学观测试验站,河北张北076450 [2]河北农业大学农学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2014年第1期174-178,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助项目(201003053)

摘　　要：以华北寒旱区旱作甜菜为试材,采用Li-6400光合测定系统,监测了施肥对甜菜糖分积累期与收获期的光合生理变化、甜菜产量、甜菜品质的影响,以期明确施肥对糖用甜菜光合作用的影响,特别是其产量形成期的光合效应特征。结果表明:与不施肥相比,收获期施肥甜菜的日光合积累量(PD)、日蒸腾积累量(TD)、日均水分利用效率(WUED)分别提高了23.8%、18.1%、4.7%,减缓了午间光合作用的逆境胁迫;施肥甜菜光饱和点(LSP)、光补偿点(LCP)、表观量子效率(AQY)分别提高了30.0%、42.8%、13.9%,增强了甜菜对光辐射能的利用潜力;经济产量提高29.4%,糖产量提高21.5%。表明施肥是华北寒旱区提高甜菜抗逆性、维持光合高效率与发挥甜菜光合生产潜力的关键技术。Taking sugar beet in the cold and arid areas of north China as material, the effect of fertilization on photosynthetic characteristics, especially yield and quality of sugar beet were studied, using Li-6400 photosynthetic measurement system to monitor the photosynthetic physiological parameters change and the effects of fertilization on yield and quality of sugar beet during sugar accumulation and harvest stages. The results showed compared with no fertilization that the leaf daily accumulation of photosynthesis （PD）,the daily accumulation of transpiration （TD） and the average daily water use efficiency （WUED） of sugar beet were significantly increased by 23. 8%, 18. 1% ,4. 7% of fertilization, the midday photosynthetic adversity stress of sugar beet was significantly lowered;Compared with no fertilization, the values of light saturation point （LSP）,light compensation point （LCP）,apparent quantum efficiency （AQY） increased lzy 30. 0%, 42. 8%, 13. 9 % of fertilization,and the ability of PAR consumption were enhanced;The biological yield and sugar yield of fertilization treatment were increased by 29. 4% and 21.5%. Results showed that Fertilization was the key technology for increased resistance,maintain high photosynthetic efficiency and enhance the photosynthetic productive potential of sugar beet in cold and arid regions of north China.

关 键 词：净光合速率 气孔限制分析 光响应曲线 甜菜 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]