浓度层析荧光光谱局部匹配溢油鉴别技术  

Oil Spill Identification Using Partial Surface Fitting Method Based on Concentration-Synchronous-Matrix-Fluorescence Spectra

作　　者：王春艳[1,2,3] 史晓凤[3] 李文东[3] 张金亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源环境学院,北京100875 [2]潍坊学院物理与电子科学学院,潍坊261061 [3]中国海洋大学光学光电子实验室,青岛266100

出　　处：《环境科学》2014年第1期202-207,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40706037;40906051);山东省博士基金项目(BS2011HZ015)

摘　　要：溢油事故的频繁发生对海洋环境造成极大的影响,建立一种快速、准确、经济的现场溢油检测技术及时对事故作出响应有着重要的意义.针对海洋环境中溢油样品浓度和油源都未知的情况,对于溢油可疑样本,获取其浓度参量同步荧光光谱(concentration-synchronous-matrix fluorescence,CSMF),通过在浓度维度上进行插值处理获取的样品的CSMF浓度层析荧光光谱.而对于肇事溢油样品,无需进行脱水浓缩等预处理,只需取现场样本逐级稀释获取小浓度范围内的CSMF局部谱图,并将之与可疑油样大浓度范围内的CSMF浓度层析荧光光谱进行曲面匹配,利用最小二乘法确定最佳匹配光谱,最佳匹配的可疑油样即满足最近油种符合度,而对应的浓度即为待测样本的初始浓度值.对原油样品集交叉检验的结果,样品的识别准确度为92%.该油种鉴别方法快速,准确,并可以同时实现油种鉴别和单位体积内溢油含量的定量.Oil spills occur every day worldwide. It is urgently required to develop a rapid, cost-effective, accurate, easy to use routinely fingerprinting technique which could offer decision-makers and model developers the preliminary information of spilled oils in a short period. In this paper, a species identification and concentration quantification technique using partial surface fitting method to concentration-synchronous-matrix-fluorescence （CSMF） spectra was introduced. In order to eliminate the errors due to concentration uncertainty, partial CSMF spectra in the small concentration range of the test oil spill samples were obtained, and for the oil spill candidate samples, the two-dimensional cubic convolution interpolation was used to make up the long interval of the concentration level. With the surface fitting of partial CSMF spectra of the test samples and the closely-related source crude oil samples were successfully discriminated, and the initial concentration of the test samples were also obtained. Cross validation results of the petroleum related sample set showed that the accuracy of the matching results was 92%. The parameters of this method were also discussed in detail. All results showed that this newly-developed method may become a more specifically applicable means in spilled oils identification.

关 键 词：荧光光谱 浓度参量同步荧光光谱(CSMF) 溢油 原油相关样品 油种鉴别 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X834