基于Inter-Flow网络编码的多Sink无线传感器网络Anycast路由  

Inter-Flow Network Coding Based Anycast Routing Protocol for Multi-Sink Wireless Sensor Networks

作　　者：仝杰[1,2] 杜治高 钱德沛[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学计算机学院中德联合软件技术研究所,北京100191 [2]国家电网公司中国电力科学研究院,北京100192 [3]中国石油安全环保技术研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《计算机研究与发展》2014年第1期161-172,共12页Journal of Computer Research and Development

基　　金：国家发展改革委员会2012年物联网技术研究及产业化专项(发改办高技[2012]2765号);国家自然科学基金项目(60373000);科技部国际科技合作计划项目(2010DFA11670);德国教研部BMBF中德国际合作项目(01BU0680)

摘　　要：以最大化时间驱动型传感器网络的生命周期为目标,基于Inter-Flow网络编码,提出了多Sink环境下编码感知的交叉路径任播路由协议CodeMesh.首先分析多跳无线网络下单播流间编码条件,提出并证明了多Sink任播网络模型下的编码规则;进而提出多流编码簇的概念,以及确定编码簇个数和优化编码簇成员的方法;定义了统一量化编码和非编码路径代价,并综合链路质量、负载平衡和编码收益的路由度量;最后设计了兼具反应式源路由和主动式路由特点的任播编码路由协议.CodeMesh充分利用Sink节点丰富的计算和通信资源,将路由优化与重构、路由更新与维护与周期性数据收集过程相结合,大大降低了路由开销.部署于实验床平台的实验结果表明,CodeMesh能够有效寻找到具有最多编码机会的路径,从而减少数据传输次数,提高网络传输效率,同时平衡节点负载和能耗,延长整个网络的生存时间.Aiming to maximize the lifetime of time-driven multi-sink wireless sensor networks, employing inter-flow network coding theory as the underlying methodology, a coding-aware cross-path anycast routing protoeot called CodeMesh is proposed. Firstly, the coding condition of unicast flows in multi-hop wireless environment is analyzed, and the coding rules under multi-sink anycast network model are presented and proved. Secondly, the concept of multi-flow encoding cluster is proposed followed by the demonstration of the theorems of determining the number and member of encoding cluster. Furthermore, a routing metric integrating the link quality, load balancing and coding gains is defined. Particularly, it quantifies the unified cost of coding and non-coding path. Finally, an anycast coded routing is designed which has the characteristics of both reactive source routing and proactive routing. CodeMesh takes full advantages of the rich computing and communication resources of sink nodes. Additionally, it embeds the routing optimization, refactoring, update and maintenance all in the process of periodical data gathering, which significantly lowers the routing overhead. The results of testbed based experiments indicate that, CodeMesh can effectively find a path with maximum coding opportunities for each node, thereby reduces transmissions, improves transmission efficiency, balances the load and energy consumption, and thus prolongs the survival time of whole network.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 多Sink 流间网络编码 编码簇 任播路由 

分 类 号：TN915.04[电子电信—通信与信息系统] TP393[电子电信—信息与通信工程]