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作 者:马松梅[1] 黄伟华[2] 肖晓山[2] 梁亚统[2] 文立红[2]
机构地区:[1]广东医学院,广东广州524003 [2]广东省第二人民医院,广东广州510317
出 处:《现代医院》2013年第12期34-36,共3页Modern Hospitals
基 金:广东省科技计划项目(编号:2011B031800197)
摘 要:目的比较Proseal型喉罩拔除与气管拔管对老年高血压患者血流动力学的影响。方法择期手术全麻下患者60例,年龄65—85岁,ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级,均合并高血压疾病,随机均分为Proseal型喉罩组(PLMA组)和气管导管组(ETT组)。术中采用七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼血浆靶控输注麻醉。记录麻醉诱导前(T0),拔出喉罩或气管导管即刻(T1)、拔管后1min(T2)、2min(T3)、3min(T4)、5min(T5)、10min(T6)的平均动脉压(MAP)、收缩压(SBP)、心率(RR)、RPP(RPP=收缩压×心率)。结果两组患者的心率都增加,但是与PLMA组相比较,ETT组T1、T2、T3、T4、T5心率显著增加(P〈0.001)。PLMA组与ETT组在T6时,两组心率相比较差异无统计学意义。与PLMA拔出比较,气管拔管后T1、T2、T3、T4、T5平均动脉压均显著升高(P〈0.001),气管拔管后T1、T2、T3、T4、T5RPP显著升高(P〈0.001),两组患者R时RPP相比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.556)。结论老年高血压患者气管导管拔管期间循环波动大,Proseal型喉罩拔除期间的循环波动比气管导管拔管期间循环波动更小,因此,Proseal型喉罩更适合老年高血压患者。Objective To compare the effect of PLMA removal and tracheal extubation on hemodynamics in elderly hypertensive patients. Methods A total of 60 elderly hypertensive ASA Ⅱ-Ⅲ patients aged 65 - 85 years were randomly allocated to two groups (n = 30 of each) for PLMA insertion or endotraeheal intubation(ETr). All pa- tients received sevoflurane and remifentanil plasma target - controlled infusion anesthesia. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) , heart rate (HR) , systolic blood pressure (SBP) and RPP( RPP = SBP x HR) were recorded the baseline values (TO) and at the time of extubation/PLMA removal ( T1 ), and then 1 rain ( T2 ), 2 rain ( T3 ), 3 min ( T4), 5 min( T5 ) , 10 rain(T6) after removal of ETr/PLMA. Results Increase of heart rate was observed in both the groups but the rise of heart rate in the ETT group was significant at (T1), and then 1 min(T2) ,2 min (T3) ,3 min (T4), 5 min( T5 ), postextubation as compared to PLMA removal (p 〈 0. 001 ). The difference was not significant at 10 rain (T6) after ETF/PLMA removal. MAP also increased significantly in the ETT group as compared to the PLMA group and the rise was also significant at (T1) , and then 1 rain(T2),2 rain (T3) ,3 min (T4) ,5 min(TS) after extuba- tion as compared to PLMA removal (p 〈 0. 001 ). Similarly, rise of RPP was also significantly higher at ( T1 ), and then 1 min ( T2 ) , 2 min ( T3 ) , 3 min ( T4 ) ,5 rain ( T5 ) after extubation as compared to PLMA removal (p 〈 0. 001 ). The difference was not significant at 10 min (T6) after ETT/PLMA removal (p = 0. 556). Conclusion Elderly hy- pertensive patients are at risk of exaggerated pressor response at the time of extubation. PLMA removal is associated with fewer hemodynamic changes than tracheal extubation and should be preferred wherever possible.
关 键 词:Proseal型喉罩 气管导管 老年 高血压 血流动力学
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