缓解期精神分裂症患者心理年龄滞后及相关因素分析  

Psychological Age Lagging Behind and Related Factors in Schizophrenic Patients in Remission

作　　者：桑文华[1] 严保平[1] 栗克清[1] 孙建华[1] 李冰[1] 徐涛[1] 魏昆岭[1] 张彦恒[1] 吕华[1] 赵素银[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省第六人民医院精神科,河北省保定市071000

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2013年第34期4093-4096,共4页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的了解缓解期精神分裂症患者心理年龄滞后现象,探讨其与应对方式、防御方式的相关性。方法采用自编心理年龄评估问卷、应对方式问卷及防御方式问卷,对2012年9—11月就诊于河北省第六人民医院的171例缓解期精神分裂症患者进行评估。结果患者实际年龄为(33±11)岁,患者自评心理年龄为(32±12)岁,照料者评定心理年龄为(21±11)岁,医生评定心理年龄为(11±4)岁;医生及照料者评定的心理年龄均低于实际年龄,差异有统计学意义(q值分别为22.257、12.205,P<0.001)。心理年龄<12岁组使用解决问题的应对方式得分低于≥12岁组,而使用自责、幻想及退避的应对方式得分高于≥12岁组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。心理年龄<12岁组使用退缩的防御方式得分高于≥12岁组,差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05)。心理年龄滞后值与实际年龄、总病程、首发年龄、住院次数呈正相关(r=0.236~0.920,P<0.01);与合理化应对方式呈正相关(r=0.174,P<0.05);与解除、伴无能之全能、消耗倾向及中间型防御机制呈负相关(r=-0.206^-0.155,P<0.05)。结论缓解期精神分裂症患者存在心理年龄滞后现象,心理年龄不同,使用应对方式及防御方式不同。心理年龄滞后明显者,更容易使用合理化的应对方式。Objective To understand the psychological age lagging behind in patients with schizophrenia in remission period, and analyze its correlations with coping style and defense style. Methods This study included 171 schizophrenic patients in remission treated in our hospital between September and November in 2012. Self - designed psychological age assessment ques- tionnaire, Coping Style Questionnaire （CSQ） and the Defense Style Question naire （DSQ） were applied. Results The psycho- logical age of the participants assessed by themselves, the caretakers and the psychiatrists were （32 ±12）, （21± 11 ）, and （11 ±4） years old, respectively; while the actual age was （33 ±11） years old. Psychological ages assessed by caretakers and psychiatrists were significantly younger than the actual age （ q = 22. 257, 12. 205 ; P 〈 0. 001 ） ; The solving problem factor in the less than 12 years of age group was lower than the one of more than 12 years old, while higher of the self-blame, fantasy, advidance and flinch factor; The value of psychological age was positively related to the actual age, the total course of the disease, onset age, number of hospitalizations and rationalization （ r = 0. 174 - 0. 920, P 〈 0. 05 ） ; while negatively related to discharged, with the incompetence of the Almighty, consumption and intermediate defense mechanism （r = -0. 206 - -0. 155, P 〈 0. 05 ） . Conclusion Pyschological age of schizophrenia patients in remission was lag. The different pyschological age is, The different the patients use the coping and defense style. The more obvious the pyschological age is lag, the easier the patients use rationalization coping style.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 心理年龄 滞后 应对方式 防御方式 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]