唐代判词中的实判——兼与拟判比较  

Material Verdict in Tang Dynasty: Comparing with Formalistic Verdict

作　　者：霍存福[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院,吉林长春130012 [2]沈阳师范大学法学院,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《现代法学》2013年第6期22-40,共19页Modern Law Science

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"传统中国的情理法研究"(10AFX004)

摘　　要：唐代判词中的实判,是官员们对实际的行政、刑事、民事事务或纠纷所下的判断,是真实判词,与当时流行的拟判之用于练笔不同;唐代吏部选官要考判,文、理优长者入选;而无论拟判、实判,好判词都广为流传;实判所反映的公事与夺,是上至宰相、部司官、地方大员,下到属僚都须做的日常公务;在官府内部,实判所反映的判案程序,一般是经由判官、通判官、长官的自下而上的顺序;流传的实判中,酷判、谐判、谬判较多,反映着唐代官场的实际状态。实判的重要性,在于它们是研究当时行政、司法状况的第一手资料。The material verdict in Tang Dynasty, which is the true verdict about administrative, criminal, civil affairs or disputes made by government officials, is different from the popular formalistic verdict at that time for the purpose of exercise. In Tang Dynasty, verdict writing is one of the criteria for official selection. Those verdict-writers with good command of wording and argument will stand out for government posts. Good verdicts, no matter material or formalistic, gain great popularity in society. Material verdicts containing judg- ment of public and private affairs show routine work of government officials of various levels. Within the court hierarchy, material verdict shows the procedure of adjudication, generally from bottom to top. The material verdicts of Tang Dynasty we can find today include lots of cruel verdict, balanced verdict and wrong verdict, which represent the officialdom in Tang Dynasty. Material verdict is the important first-hand source for the research of administrative and judicial situation of Tang Dynasty.

关 键 词：唐代 判词 实判 拟判 

分 类 号：DF092[政治法律—法学理论]