基于引力模型的FDI流入对美国对外贸易影响分析  

A study on effects of FDI inflows on foreign trade of the United States based on gravity model

作　　者：郑东升[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北财经大学国际经济贸易学院,辽宁大连116025

出　　处：《辽宁师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第4期575-579,共5页Journal of Liaoning Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学一般项目(11YJAGJW010)

摘　　要：选取美国及其44个FDI来源国(同时也是贸易伙伴国)作为样本,基于引力模型和1992-2011年的数据,检验了FDI流入与进出口贸易之间的关系.结果显示,FDI流入对美国进口、出口均具有正效应.同时,FDI流入对美国出口的正效应要大于对进口的正效应,即FDI流入不仅有利于扩大进出口贸易,更有助于减小贸易逆差,促进国际收支平衡.美国的进出口还受到与相关国家的GDP乘积、人均GDP乘积、地理距离、美元汇率、语言差异等因素的影响,这些因素与FDI流入一起构成了对美国进出口贸易的综合影响体系.因此,要充分发挥FDI流入对美国贸易的促进作用,还应考虑其他因素的影响.This paper selected the U .S .and its 44 FDI source countries （but also its trading partners） as a sample ,based on the gravity model and the data from 1992 to 2011 ,to examine the relationship between FDI inflows and trade .The results show that FDI inflows have a positive effect on both im-ports and exports of the U .S .Meanwhile ,inward FDI has a larger impact on U .S .exports than on imports .So FDI inflows will not only help to expand import and export trade ,but also reduce the trade deficit so as to promote reasonable balance of payments .U .S .import and export are also affect-ed by other factors ,such as GDP product ,GDP per capita product ,geographic distance ,the dollar ex-change rate and language differences between U .S .and relative countries .These factors and FDI in-flows constitute a combined system of effect on import and export of the United States .Therefore ,in order to make full use of the positive effects that FDI inflow s have on U .S .trade ,the U .S .govern-ment should take other factors into account .

关 键 词：FDI流入 对外贸易 美国 引力模型 

分 类 号：F114.46[经济管理—国际贸易]