小分子稠油流动性改进剂及其作用机理  

Small Molecule Flow Improvers for Heavy Oil and Their Interaction Mechanism

作　　者：张洁[1] 李小龙[1] 陈刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学化学化工学院,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2013年第6期1072-1077,共6页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：陕西省科技计划项目"多功能原油流动性改进剂的研制"(2012KJXX-40);陕西省教育厅科研计划项目"低渗透油田原油组分特征及其低温流动性改进研究"(2013JK0647)资助

摘　　要：以南阳油田稠油为研究对象，评价了脂肪酸-胺复合物类小分子稠油流动性改进剂对稠油的降凝、降黏效果，并运用DSC分析稠油流动性改进剂对稠油的饱和烃组分和沥青质组分聚集过程的影响。结果表明，该系列复合物对稠油有一定的降凝作用，凝点降低最高达7.0℃；对稠油有一定的降黏作用，其中胺的结构对降黏效果影响较大，短链羟基胺的作用效果远好于长链脂肪胺，脂肪酸的结构对降黏效果影响小；硬脂酸与短链羟基胺复合物的降黏率最高可达57.1%。DSC分析表明，硬脂酸-三乙醇胺复合物可使沥青质在29.08~109.08℃范围内放热量明显减少，表明它可以改变沥青质的聚集方式和状态，使其不易聚集或者沉积，提高沥青质稳定性。The effects of small molecule flow improver of fatty acid-amine complex on the pour point depression and viscosity decrease of heavy oil from Nanyang oil field were evaluated, and the effects of small molecule flow improvers on saturated hydrocarbon and asphaltene component of the heavy oil was also analyzed by DSC. The result indicated that this series of small molecule flow improver could depress the pour point of heavy oil with the highest pour point depression of 7℃. This series of small molecule flow improver also could reduce the viscosity of heavy oil, for which the amine part of fatty-amine complex structure played a great role, while the effect of fatty acid part was insignificant. The complexes of the stearic acid-hydroxylamine showed the highest viscosity reduction with the reduction rate of 57.1%. The addition of stearic acid-triethanolamine complex in the asphaltene component of heavy oil could reduce the exothermal amount during the temperature range of 29.08-109.08℃in DSC analysis, which indicated that the complex could change the aggregation way and the state of asphaltene, so that the asphaltene would not be gathered or deposited easily and would be more stable.

关 键 词：小分子流动性改进剂 降凝 降黏 DSC 

分 类 号：TE345[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]