组织工程心脏瓣膜的构建:现状与前景  

Construction of tissue-engineered heart valves: Status and Prospects

作　　者：孙艳丽[1] 韩宏光[2] 黄带发[1] 贺顺川[1] 李予杰 

机构地区：[1]解放军沈阳军区总医院干二科,辽宁省沈阳市110016 [2]解放军沈阳军区总医院心血管外科,辽宁省沈阳市110016 [3]解放军总参军训部北京第二干休所,北京市100093

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2013年第50期8775-8780,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:目前临床上应用的心脏生物瓣和机械瓣都存在一些缺陷和不足,而组织工程心脏瓣膜有可能避免这些问题的出现,成为瓣膜替代物的理想选择。目的:探讨构建组织工程心脏瓣膜的实验研究进展。方法:应用数据库检索的方法分析关于组织工程心脏瓣膜的实验研究文献,组织工程心脏瓣膜的三大要素为种子细胞、支架材料和细胞种植。结果与结论:心脏瓣膜修复和置换是目前治疗心脏瓣膜性疾病的主要外科手段。目前,主要用于构建组织工程心脏瓣膜的种子细胞有血管内皮细胞、内皮祖细胞以及骨髓间充质干细胞等。经脱细胞处理的支架具有良好的生物力学性能和组织相容性,细胞种植后支架表面会形成一层连续的细胞层,其构建的组织工程心脏瓣膜是可行的。组织工程心脏瓣膜有着良好的应用前景,但目前还有很多问题需要解决,还处于研究的初级阶段。BACKGROUND： Current cardiac bioprostheses and mechanical valves are shown to have some flaws and shortcomings, and tissue-engineered heart valves which can avoid these problems are becoming an ideal choice for valve replacement. OBJECTIVE： To explore the experimental progress in the construction of tissue-engineered head valves. METHODS： Experimental studies related to tissue-engineered heart valves were retrieved in databases. Three main elements for tissue-engineered heart valves are seed cells, scaffold materials, and cell seeding. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Cardiac valve repair and replacement is the primarily surgical treatment for valvular heart disease. At present, seed cells mainly for construction of tissue-engineered heart valves include vascular endothelial cells, endothelial progenitor cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The acellular scaffold has good biomechanical properties and histocompatibility. After cell seeding, a continuous cell layer will form on the scaffold surface, which makes it possible to construct tissue-engineered heart valves. Tissue-engineered heart valve has a good prospect, but it is still in the early stage of research and there are still many problems that need to be solved.

关 键 词：组织工程 组织工程学术探讨 心脏瓣膜 种子细胞 血管内皮细胞 内皮祖细胞 骨髓间充质干细胞 主动脉瓣膜 脱细胞 生物支架 生物反应器 细胞因子 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]