四种寄生性天敌昆虫对山杨楔天牛的室内寄生效果  

Parasitism rate of four parasitoid species to poplar longicorn Saperda carcharias(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)in laboratory

作　　者：哈米提 唐桦[2] 杨忠岐[2] 白兰兰.木拉提 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区额敏县林业局,塔城834600 [2]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所/国家林业局森林保护学重点实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《植物保护》2013年第6期176-179,共4页Plant Protection

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区少数民族科技骨干人才特殊培养科研专项资金项目(201123106)

摘　　要：山杨楔天牛（Sa perda carcharias）近年来在新疆塔城市额敏县暴发成灾,造成大量杨树受害死亡,对当地防护林建设、林业生产造成了严重威胁.为筛选出生物防治山杨楔天牛的有效天敌,选择4种寄生性天敌昆虫对该天牛幼虫在室内进行了防治试验.结果表明,这4种天敌均有一定的寄生效果（寄生率最高为46.33％,最低为19.27％）,其寄生效果按从大到小的排列顺序是：花绒寄甲（光肩星天牛生物型Dastarcus helophoroides）＞白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂（Sclerodermus pupariae）＞苹小吉丁肿腿蜂（Sclerodemus sp.1）=落叶松吉丁肿腿蜂（Sclerodermus sp.2）.由于花绒寄甲只寄生天牛中老龄幼虫和蛹,而肿腿蜂只寄生天牛1～3龄小幼虫,因此花绒寄甲和白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂可分别作为生物防治山杨楔天牛中老龄幼虫和幼龄幼虫的首选天敌昆虫;由于山杨楔天牛在自然界世代重叠现象明显,不同龄期的幼虫在林间同时发生,因而建议在生产防治中同时释放这两种天敌昆虫,以提高防治效果.The poplar longicorn,Saperda carcharias （Coleoptera：Cerambycidae） is a wood borer severely attacking poplar trees in Emin County,Xinjiang,China,in recent years.Many poplar trees have been damaged to death,and a serious threat has been caused to the local protection forest construction and forestry production.In order to select effective insect natural enemies in biological control of the pest,four parasitoid species were selected to control the larvae of S.carcharias in laboratory.The results showed that the four parasitoid species had different parasitism rates （parasitism rates were up to 46.33％,the lowest was 19.27％）,ranking from high to low as follows：Dastarcus helophoroides （biotype of Anoplophora glabripennis） ＞ Sclerodermus pupariae ＞ Sclerodermus sp.1 （its natural host is Agrilus mali on apple trees）=Sclerodermus sp.2（its natural host is Chrysobothris sp.on larch trees）.Because D.helophoroides only parasitized middle and old instar larvae （over 4th instar） as well as pupae,and Sclerodermus spp.only parasitize early instar larvae （1st-3rd instar） of the longhorned beetles,D.helophoroides and S.pupariae can be recommended as biological control agents in forest to control middle and old instar larvae and early instar larvae of the cerambycid,respectively.Because the generations of the longhorn beetle overlapped and different instar larvae and pupae occur in forests simultaneously,it is suggested that the two recommended parasitoid species should be released at the same time in field control practice,so as to increase the control effects.

关 键 词：山杨楔天牛 天敌昆虫 寄生性 

分 类 号：S476.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]