孕期体质量增长适宜范围的探讨  

Discussion on Suitable Range of Gestational Weight Gain

作　　者：黄菊芳[1] 黄晓玲[1] 杨春芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]衡阳市妇幼保健院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《医学临床研究》2013年第11期2122-2124,共3页Journal of Clinical Research

基　　金：湖南省衡阳市科技局基础研究室立项项目[2009KJ53]

摘　　要：[目的]定量评价孕前体质量指数及孕期体质量增长对妊娠结局的影响，推荐出适宜的孕期体质量增长范围，以获得最佳妊娠结局。[方法]收集2009年1月1日至2012年6月30日在衡阳市妇幼保健院产前门诊进行孕期保健，并在本院住院分娩的单胎初产妇2016名。根据孕前体质量指数（BM I ）分为三组：低BM I组（BM I＜18．5 kg/m2），正常BM I组（18．5≤BM I＜25 kg/m2），高BM I组（25≤BM I＜30 kg/m2）。评价不良妊娠结局的发生率。[结果]孕前低BM I组占25．15％，正常BM I组占65．92％，高BM I组占8．93％；三组孕妇妊娠结局及剖宫产率差别具有统计学意义（ P ＜0．01）；三组不良妊娠结局发生率最低的孕期体质量增长范围分别为16～20 kg ，14～18 kg及12～16 kg （ P ＜0．05）。[结论]孕前BM I过高及孕期体质量增长过多与不良妊娠结局及剖宫产密切相关。本研究各组的平均体质量增长均较高。所以加强孕期健康宣教，合理膳食，适量运动，控制孕期体质量增长在适宜范围，对改善妊娠结局，减少妊娠期并发症极其重要。建议孕前低、正常及高BM I组孕期体质量增长范围分别为16～20 kg ，14～18 kg及12～16 kg。[Objective] To evaluate the effect of body mass index （BMI） before pregnancy and gestational weight gain on pregnancy outcome quantitatively ,and to recommend the optimal ranges of gestational weight gain in order to obtain the best outcome of pregnancy .[Methods] Totally 2016 primiparaes with single birth who received antenatal care and delivered in antenatal clinic of maternal and child health hospital in Hengyang city from Jan .2009 to Jun .2012 were chosen .According to BMI before pregnancy ,all women were divided into underweight group（BMI＆lt;18 .5 kg/m2 ） ,normal weight group（18 .5≤BMI＆lt;25 kg/m2 ） and overweight group（25≤BMI＆lt;30 kg/m2 ） .The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome was evaluated .[Results] The un-derweight women accounted 25 .15% ,and normal weight women accounted 65 .92% ,and overweight women accounted 8 .93% .There were significant differences in pregnancy outcome and cesarean section rate among different groups（ P ＆lt;0 .05） .The range of gestational weight gain with the lowest rate of adverse pregnancy outcome in underweight group ,normal weight group and overweight group were 16~20kg ,14~18kg and 12~16kg ,respectively（ P ＆lt;0 .05） .[Conclusion]The high BMI before pregnancy and gestational weight gain too much are closely associated with adverse pregnancy outcome and cesarean section .The average gestational weight gain is higher in all study groups .It is extremely important to enhance health education ,rational diet and proper exercise and control the gestational weight gain in a suitable range so as to improve pregnancy out-comes and reduce pregnant complications is extremely important .The recommending optimal range of gesta-tional weight gain in underweight group ,normal weight group and overweight group are 16~20kg ,14~18kg and 12~16kg ,respectively .

关 键 词：妊娠 体重 

分 类 号：R714[医药卫生—妇产科学]