Al/HTPB含能复合粒子的制备及表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Al/HTPB Energetic Composite Particles

作　　者：刘松松[1] 叶明泉[1] 韩爱军[1] 陈昕[1] 潘功配[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《含能材料》2013年第6期743-748,共6页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家部委科研项目(40406010201)

摘　　要：为保护铝粉在固体火箭推进剂中的活性,增加超细铝粉与固体推进剂其它组分的相容性,以端羟基聚丁二烯（HTPB）为包覆剂,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）为固化剂,包覆了表面活化、粒径为2 μm左右的超细铝粉,制备了Al/HTPB含能复合粒子。研究了氨基硅烷偶联剂KH-550改性铝粉及包覆剂用量对包覆铝粉形貌和粒径的影响。用扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、红外光谱（FTIR）、激光粒度仪、热重-差热分析（TG-DTA） 表征了 Al/HTPB复合粒子。结果表明：超细铝粉经KH-550改性且包覆剂用量为1.5%时,Al/HTPB含能复合粒子的包覆膜更均匀,低于400 ℃时,HTPB包覆层能防止铝粉的氧化,在400～525 ℃范围内HTPB能迅速燃烧,迅速释放出包覆的活性铝。In order to protect the activity of aluminum powder in solid rocket propellants and increase the compatibility between the superfine aluminum powder and the other compositions of solid propellants, the superfine aluminum powder with activated surface and particle size about 2 μm were coated using hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene （HTPB） as coating agent and isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI） as curing agent. Al/HTPB energetic composite particles were prepared. Effects of Al powder modified by silane coupling agent KH-550 and coating quantity on the morphology and composite particle size of coated aluminum powder were investigated. Composite particles were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR, laser particle size analyzer, TG-DTA. Results show that when the superfine aluminum powders are modified by silane coupling agent and the coating quantity of HTPB is 1.5%, the coating film of the ultrafine composite particles of Al/HTPB are homogeneous, meanwhile the energetic composite particles are spherical with core-shell structures. The coating film of HTPB can prevent the oxidation of aluminum before 400 ℃ and burn quickly and release coated active aluminum between 400～525 ℃.

关 键 词：材料学 超细铝粉 包覆 复合粒子 端羟基聚丁二烯 固体推进剂 

分 类 号：TJ763[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程] V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]