梨树叶片黄化与根际土壤微生物及养分关系  

Relationships between leaf yellowing and soil microorganisms /nutrients in pear orchards

作　　者：白鹏华[1] 刘奇志[1] 李红旭[2] 刘艳斌[1] 石旺鹏[1] 王玮[2] 刘志龙[1] 周海鹰[1] 赵明新[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [2]甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2013年第6期1332-1336,共5页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家梨产业技术体系(CARS-29)

摘　　要：以甘肃景泰叶片黄化梨园土壤为例，比较黄化和非黄化梨园0～20 cm和20～40 cm土壤微生物及养分，以探讨与梨树叶片黄化相关因子，为解决黄化问题提供科学依据。研究表明：黄化土壤细菌、放线菌数量都显著少于非黄化土壤的数量，浅层（0～20 cm）黄化土壤的细菌数量少于非黄化土的46.62％，放线菌数量少52.49％；深层（20～40 cm）黄化土的细菌数量少于非黄化土的78.22％，放线菌少50.13％。两者的真菌数量差异不显著。黄化土壤20～40 cm的有机质、全氮、全铁、全镁含量显著低于非黄化土壤和黄化土壤0～20 cm土层的含量。因此，梨树叶片黄化与土壤中细菌、放线菌数量减少、20～40 cm土层的有机质、全氮、全铁、全镁含量过低有关。建议重点增施黄化梨园20～40 cm土层的腐熟有机肥。The microorganisms and nutrients in the rhizosphere soil of leaf yellowing and normal pear trees in Jingtai County , Gansu Province were studied to find out the factors related with leaf yellowing .The results showed that bac-teria and actinomyce in soil of the leaf yellowing pear trees were significantly lower than those in the soil of normal trees.The bacteria and actinomyce in the shallow layer （0-20 cm） of soil in leaf yellowing orchard were 46.62%and 52.49%less than those of normal orchard;while in the deeper layer （20-40 cm） of soil of leaf yellowing pear orchard, bacteria and actinomyce were 78.22%and 50.13%less than those from normal orchard .There was no sig-nificant difference between the two kinds of pear trees in the amount of fungus .In 20-40 cm deep soil from the leaf yellowing pear orchard , the content of organic matter , total N, total Fe and total Mg were significantly lower than those from normal pear tree soil and those in 0-20 cm deep soil from the leaf yellowing orchard .Therefore, decrease of bacteria, actinomyce and organic matter , total N, total Fe and total Mg in 20-40 cm deep soil were the main fac-tors related to leaf yellowing .Thus, applying decomposed manure to soil of 20-40 cm deep in leaf yellowing pear orchards should be suggested .

关 键 词：梨叶片黄化 土壤微生物数量 土壤养分 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]